linux运行python脚本_将Python脚本文件包装成可执行文件

将Python脚本文件包装成可执行文件，其目的有二:

一则: 不需要依赖Python编译器就可以运行软件

二则: 不想让自己的源码公布出去

常用的工具有: py2exe、cx_freeze等

【工具:py2exe】

安装py2exe

安装该工具很简单:

只需要从官方网站:http://www.py2exe.org/下载与版本对应的安装程序，点击下一步即可完成安装。

安装后，执行import py2exe，不报错则表示安装成功!

>>>importpy2exe

>>>

>>> import py2exe

>>>

NOTE: 目前该工具只支持到Python2.7, 对于Python3而言，必须借助另外一个工具:cx_freeze

使用py2exe

第一步: 准备源代码，假如名为:Hello.py

第二步:准备编译脚本，假如名为:setup.py

fromdistutils.coreimportsetup

importpy2exe

setup(windows=['Hello.py'])

from distutils.core import setup

import py2exe

setup(windows=['Hello.py'])

第三步: 运行命令: setup.py py2exe

D:\temp>setup.py py2exe

D:\temp>setup.py py2exe

运行之后，会在我当前运行的目录下(D:\temp)默认生成dict目录，里面的文件如下:

默认情况下，py2exe在目录dist下创建以下这些必须的文件：

1、一个或多个exe文件。如本例为: Hello.exe

2、python##.dll。 如本例中: Python27.dll

3、.pyd文件，它们是已编译的扩展名，它们是exe文件所需要的；加上其它的.dll文件，这些.dll是.pyd所需要的。

4、一个library.zip文件，它包含了已编译的纯的python模块如.pyc或.pyo

默认情况下，py2exe在目录dist下创建以下这些必须的文件：

1、一个或多个exe文件。如本例为: Hello.exe

2、python##.dll。 如本例中: Python27.dll

3、.pyd文件，它们是已编译的扩展名，它们是exe文件所需要的；加上其它的.dll文件，这些.dll是.pyd所需要的。

4、一个library.zip文件，它包含了已编译的纯的python模块如.pyc或.pyo

第四步: 双击Hello.exe可执行文件，跟源代码运行后同样的结果:

其他

1:执行setup.py --help获取帮助信息

Global options:

--verbose (-v) run verbosely (default)

--quiet (-q) run quietly (turns verbosity off)

--dry-run (-n) don't actually do anything

--help (-h) show detailed help message

--no-user-cfg ignore pydistutils.cfginyour home directory

Optionsfor'py2exe'command:

--optimize (-O) optimization level: -O1for"python -O", -O2for

"python -OO",and-O0 to disable [default: -O0]

--dist-dir (-d) directory to put final built distributionsin(default

isdist)

--excludes (-e) comma-separated list of modules to exclude

--dll-excludes comma-separated list of DLLs to exclude

--ignores comma-separated list of modules to ignoreifthey are

notfound

--includes (-i) comma-separated list of modules to include

--packages (-p) comma-separated list of packages to include

--compressed (-c) create a compressed zipfile

--xref (-x) createandshow a module cross reference

--bundle-files (-b) bundle dllsinthe zipfileorthe exe. Valid levels

are1,2,or3(default)

--skip-archive donotplace Python bytecode filesinan archive, put

them directlyinthe file system

--ascii (-a) donotautomatically include encodingsandcodecs

--custom-boot-script Python file that will be run when setting up the

runtime environment

usage: setup.py [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]

or: setup.py --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]

or: setup.py --help-commands

or: setup.py cmd --help

Global options:

--verbose (-v) run verbosely (default)

--quiet (-q) run quietly (turns verbosity off)

--dry-run (-n) don't actually do anything

--help (-h) show detailed help message

--no-user-cfg ignore pydistutils.cfg in your home directory

Options for 'py2exe' command:

--optimize (-O) optimization level: -O1 for "python -O", -O2 for

"python -OO", and -O0 to disable [default: -O0]

--dist-dir (-d) directory to put final built distributions in (default

is dist)

--excludes (-e) comma-separated list of modules to exclude

--dll-excludes comma-separated list of DLLs to exclude

--ignores comma-separated list of modules to ignore if they are

not found

--includes (-i) comma-separated list of modules to include

--packages (-p) comma-separated list of packages to include

--compressed (-c) create a compressed zipfile

--xref (-x) create and show a module cross reference

--bundle-files (-b) bundle dlls in the zipfile or the exe. Valid levels

are 1, 2, or 3 (default)

--skip-archive do not place Python bytecode files in an archive, put

them directly in the file system

--ascii (-a) do not automatically include encodings and codecs

--custom-boot-script Python file that will be run when setting up the

runtime environment

usage: setup.py [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]

or: setup.py --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]

or: setup.py --help-commands

or: setup.py cmd --help

2: 一个详细的编译脚本

# -*- coding: cp936 -*-

fromdistutils.coreimportsetup

importpy2exe

includes = ["encodings","encodings.*"]

options = {"py2exe":

{"compressed":1,# 压缩

"optimize":2,# 优化级别

"ascii":1,#

"includes":includes,# 编码方式

"bundle_files":1# 所有文件打包成一个zipfile或exe文件，有效级别1，2，3

}}

setup(

options=options,# 是否需要可选项，默认为None

zipfile=None,# 是否需要压缩像，默认为None

console=[{"script":"HelloCmd.py","icon_resources": [(1,"pc.ico")]}],# 针对CMD控制端口

windows=[{"script":"HelloWin.py","icon_resources": [(1,"pc.ico")]}],# 针对GUI图形窗口

data_files=[("magic",["App_x86.exe",]),],

version ="v1.01",# 版本信息

description ="py2exe testing",# 描述信息

name ="Hello, Py2exe",# 名字信息

)

# -*- coding: cp936 -*-

from distutils.core import setup

import py2exe

includes = ["encodings", "encodings.*"]

options = {"py2exe":

{"compressed": 1, # 压缩

"optimize": 2, # 优化级别

"ascii": 1, #

"includes":includes, # 编码方式

"bundle_files": 1 # 所有文件打包成一个zipfile或exe文件，有效级别1，2，3

}}

setup(

options=options, # 是否需要可选项，默认为None

zipfile=None, # 是否需要压缩像，默认为None

console=[{"script": "HelloCmd.py", "icon_resources": [(1, "pc.ico")]}], # 针对CMD控制端口

windows=[{"script": "HelloWin.py", "icon_resources": [(1, "pc.ico")]}], # 针对GUI图形窗口

data_files=[("magic",["App_x86.exe",]),],

version = "v1.01", # 版本信息

description = "py2exe testing",# 描述信息

name = "Hello, Py2exe", # 名字信息

)

详情，请参考官方文档: