android pcm文件大小_Android多媒体之录制PCM以及播放PCM

最近花了一段时间学习了下Android下的音视频方面的知识，简单做了一个可以进行配音混合视频的demo，计划整理记录下，算是一段完整的经验了。

1.使用AudioRecord录制PCM：

首先要初始化AudioRecord：

private int SAMPLERATE = 44100;

private int channelConfig = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO;

private int audioEncoding = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;

File path = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/Media/record");

private void initAudio(){

//计算音频读写的数组大小

final int bufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(SAMPLERATE,AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO,

AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT)*100;

audioRecord = new AudioRecord(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC, SAMPLERATE,AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO,

AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT,bufferSize);

audioTrack = new AudioTrack(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC,SAMPLERATE,AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO,AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT,

bufferSize,AudioTrack.MODE_STREAM);

audio = new RecordAudio();

}

2.编写录制线程：

这里输入代码private class RecordThread extends Thread{

int bufferSize;

public RecordThread(int bufferSize){

this.bufferSize = bufferSize;

}

private void useByte(){

byte[] buffers = new byte[bufferSize];

try {

DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(audioFile)));

audioRecord.startRecording();

int result;

while (isRecording) {

result = audioRecord.read(buffers,0,bufferSize);

if (AudioRecord.ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION!=result) {

out.write(buffers,0,result);

}

}

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

private void useShort() {

short[] buffers = new short[bufferSize];

try {

DataOutputStream outputStream = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(audioFile)));

audioRecord.startRecording();

int result = audioRecord.read(buffers,0,bufferSize);

for (int i=0;i

outputStream.write(Short.reverseBytes(buffers[i]));

}

audioRecord.stop();

outputStream.close();

Log.d("wang","record finish");

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

@Override

public void run() {

useByte();

}

}

这里使用了两种方式进行录制：byte和short，使用short是要注意处理下否则录制的音频会有问题。

3.停止录制并保存pcm：

private void stopRecordAudio(){

isRecording = false;

if (audioRecord!=null && audioRecord.getRecordingState()==AudioRecord.RECORDSTATE_RECORDING) {

audioRecord.stop();

}

if (out!=null) {

try {

out.flush();

out.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

4.播放pcm

private void play() {

bufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(SAMPLERATE, channelConfig, audioEncoding);

byte[] buffers = new byte[bufferSize];

try {

DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(audioFile)));

audioTrack.play();

while(dataInputStream.available()>0){

int i = 0;

while(dataInputStream.available()>0 && i

buffers[i] = dataInputStream.readByte();

i++;

}

audioTrack.write(buffers, 0, buffers.length);

}

audioTrack.stop();

dataInputStream.close();

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

5.其他所需要的变量：

File audioFile;

AudioTrack audioTrack;

AudioRecord audioRecord;

int bufferSize;

DataOutputStream out;

到此录制播放的过程就完成了，还可以添加方法使pcm转成wav文件：

private void outWav(int bufferSize) {

FileInputStream ins = null;

try {

ins = new FileInputStream(audioFile);

File outFile = File.createTempFile("out",".wav",path);

FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(outFile);

long totalAudioLen = ins.getChannel().size();

long dataLen = totalAudioLen+36;

byte[] outBuffer = new byte[bufferSize];

int channels = audioRecord.getChannelCount();

writeWaveFileHeader(out,totalAudioLen,dataLen,SAMPLERATE,channels,16*SAMPLERATE*channels/8);

while ((ins.read(outBuffer))!=-1) {

out.write(outBuffer);

}

ins.close();

out.close();

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

private void writeWaveFileHeader(FileOutputStream out, long totalAudioLen, long totalDataLen, long longSampleRate,

int channels, long byteRate) throws IOException {

byte[] header = new byte[44];

header[0] = 'R'; // RIFF

header[1] = 'I';

header[2] = 'F';

header[3] = 'F';

header[4] = (byte) (totalDataLen & 0xff);//数据大小

header[5] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 8) & 0xff);

header[6] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 16) & 0xff);

header[7] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 24) & 0xff);

header[8] = 'W';//WAVE

header[9] = 'A';

header[10] = 'V';

header[11] = 'E';

//FMT Chunk

header[12] = 'f'; // 'fmt '

header[13] = 'm';

header[14] = 't';

header[15] = ' ';//过渡字节

//数据大小

header[16] = 16; // 4 bytes: size of 'fmt ' chunk

header[17] = 0;

header[18] = 0;

header[19] = 0;

//编码方式 10H为PCM编码格式

header[20] = 1; // format = 1

header[21] = 0;

//通道数

header[22] = (byte) channels;

header[23] = 0;

//采样率，每个通道的播放速度

header[24] = (byte) (longSampleRate & 0xff);

header[25] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 8) & 0xff);

header[26] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 16) & 0xff);

header[27] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 24) & 0xff);

//音频数据传送速率,采样率*通道数*采样深度/8

header[28] = (byte) (byteRate & 0xff);

header[29] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 8) & 0xff);

header[30] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 16) & 0xff);

header[31] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 24) & 0xff);

// 确定系统一次要处理多少个这样字节的数据，确定缓冲区，通道数*采样位数

header[32] = (byte) (1 * 16 / 8);

header[33] = 0;

//每个样本的数据位数

header[34] = 16;

header[35] = 0;

//Data chunk

header[36] = 'd';//data

header[37] = 'a';

header[38] = 't';

header[39] = 'a';

header[40] = (byte) (totalAudioLen & 0xff);

header[41] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 8) & 0xff);

header[42] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 16) & 0xff);

header[43] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 24) & 0xff);

out.write(header, 0, 44);

}