Futures JAVA,Java并发Futures和Callables类

java.util.concurrent.Callable对象可以返回由线程完成的计算结果，而runnable接口只能运行线程。 Callable对象返回Future对象，该对象提供监视线程执行的任务进度的方法。 Future对象可用于检查Callable的状态，然后线程完成后从Callable中检索结果。 它还提供超时功能。

语法

//submit the callable using ThreadExecutor

//and get the result as a Future object

Future result10 = executor.submit(new FactorialService(10));

//get the result using get method of the Future object

//get method waits till the thread execution and then return the result of the execution.

Long factorial10 = result10.get();

实例

以下TestThread程序显示了基于线程的环境中Futures和Callables的使用。

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class TestThread {

public static void main(final String[] arguments) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {

ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();

System.out.println("Factorial Service called for 10!");

Future result10 = executor.submit(new FactorialService(10));

System.out.println("Factorial Service called for 20!");

Future result20 = executor.submit(new FactorialService(20));

Long factorial10 = result10.get();

System.out.println("10! = " + factorial10);

Long factorial20 = result20.get();

System.out.println("20! = " + factorial20);

executor.shutdown();

}

static class FactorialService implements Callable{

private int number;

public FactorialService(int number) {

this.number = number;

}

@Override

public Long call() throws Exception {

return factorial();

}

private Long factorial() throws InterruptedException{

long result = 1;

while (number != 0) {

result = number * result;

number--;

Thread.sleep(100);

}

return result;

}

}

}

这将产生以下结果。

Factorial Service called for 10!

Factorial Service called for 20!

10! = 3628800

20! = 2432902008176640000

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