本篇文章给大家带来的内容是关于Python中hasattr(),getattr(),setattr()的用法介绍(代码示例),有一定的参考价值,有需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望对你有所帮助。
1、hasattr(object, name)
判断object里是否有name属性,有就返回True,没有则返回False。class MyClass(object):
name = 'jack'
age = '22'
obj = MyClass()
print(hasattr(obj, 'name')) # True
print(hasattr(MyClass, 'age')) # True
print(hasattr(obj, 'gender')) # False
2. getattr(object, name, [default])
用来获取object的属性或方法,有就打印出来. 没有就打印默认值,若是没有设置默认值则报错class MyClass(object):
name = 'jack'
age = '22'
def func(self):
return 'hello world!!!'
obj = MyClass()
print(getattr(MyClass, 'name')) # jack
print(getattr(obj, 'age')) # 22
print(getattr(MyClass, 'func')) #
print(getattr(obj, 'func')) # >
# print(getattr(MyClass, 'func1')) # 没有设置默认值,找不到方法会报错: AttributeError: type object 'MyClass' has no attribute 'func1'
print(getattr(MyClass, 'func1', None)) # 设置了默认值None,找不到就会返回默认值: None
print(getattr(MyClass, 'func')('self')) # hello world!!!
print(getattr(obj, 'func')()) # hello world!!!
3. setattr(object, key, value)
用来对object的属性key赋值value. 若是key存在,则更新value的值. 若key不存在,则先创建属性key再对其赋值value.class MyClass(object):
name = 'jack'
age = '22'
obj = MyClass()
setattr(MyClass, 'name', 'tom')
print(getattr(MyClass, 'name')) # tom
setattr(obj, 'age', 28)
print(getattr(obj, 'age')) # 28
setattr(MyClass, 'gender', 'male')
print(getattr(MyClass, 'gender')) # male
print(getattr(obj, 'gender')) # male
setattr(obj, 'hobby', 'skating')
print(obj, 'hobby') # <__main__.myclass object at> hobby
print(MyClass, 'hobby') # hobby
三个方法一起用:class MyClass(object):
name = 'jack'
age = '22'
# 判断Myclass是否有gender属性,有则打印,没有则添加
def if_attr(gender='male'):
if hasattr(MyClass, 'gender'):
return getattr(MyClass, 'gender')
return setattr(MyClass, 'gender', gender)
if_attr(gender='female')
print(getattr(MyClass, 'gender')) # female