linux无损转换磁盘成gpt分区,2018年第43周-Linux下使用gpt给硬盘分区

由于MBR分区表最大支持2T硬盘，而且主分区数量还有限制．

而GPT分区表就没有上述问题，线上服务器基本都是采用这个来格式化系统， 所以使用gpt进行分区．

方法如下:

1.进入parted工具，输入help可查看帮助

[root@amd ~]# sudo parted

GNU Parted 3.1

# 默认使用第一个硬盘

Using /dev/sda

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) help

align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment

help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on COMMAND

mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition table)

mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition

name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME

print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partition

quit exit program

rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START and END

rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER

select DEVICE choose the device to edit

disk_set FLAG STATE change the FLAG on selected device

disk_toggle [FLAG] toggle the state of FLAG on selected device

set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER

toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER

unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT

version display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted

2.选择你要操作的设备，一定要注意，不要把默认设备误操作了

(parted) select /dev/sdb

Using /dev/sdb

3.设定使用的分区类型, 如果要用MBR分区，输入msdos即可。

(parted) mklabel gpt

Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?

Yes/No? Yes

4.添加一个分区

(parted) mkpart

5.输入分区名称，可以不用输入，直接回车

Partition name? []?

6.输入使用哪种文件系统，默认ext2，回车 (此处可以随意选，之后可以使用mkfs重新格式化写入文件系统)

File system type? [ext2]? xfs

7.输入分区从第几MB的位置开始，输入1，从第1MB开始(最好不要从0开始)，　输入为什么位置结束，可以带单位，如我这里输入的是2000GB，也可以直接输3TB

Start? 1

End? 2000GB

8.此时已经分区成功，输入print查看当前分区/dev/sdb情况

(parted) print

Model: ATA ST2000DM006-2DM1 (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdb: 2000GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B

Partition Table: gpt

Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 1049kB 2000GB 2000GB ext4

(parted)

额, 我这个好像不给力啊, 怎么File System还是ext4，不过没关系, 后面可以强制格式化它来修改文件系统

9.退出parted工具

(parted) quit

Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

10.格式化系统

[root@amd ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1

mkfs.xfs: /dev/sdb1 appears to contain an existing filesystem (ext4).

mkfs.xfs: Use the -f option to force overwrite.

[root@amd ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1

meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=122094592 blks

= sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0

data = bsize=4096 blocks=488378368, imaxpct=5

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=238466, version=2

= sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

11.创建目录/mydata

[root@amd ~]# mkdir /mydata

12.修改/etc/fstab

[root@amd ~]# vim /etc/fstab

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Oct 20 01:23:55 2018

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

#

/dev/mapper/cl-root / xfs defaults 0 0

UUID=7f16402f-ec92-4a9d-bbe0-56ee0b509d83 /boot xfs defaults 0 0

UUID=32AA-91B7 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 0

/dev/mapper/cl-home /home xfs defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/cl-swap swap swap defaults 0 0

/dev/sdb1 /mydata xfs defaults 0 0

13.挂载

[root@amd ~]# mount -a

[root@amd ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/cl-root 50G 1.6G 49G 4% /

devtmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev

tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 3.7G 8.7M 3.7G 1% /run

tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/cl-home 873G 33M 873G 1% /home

/dev/sda2 1014M 151M 864M 15% /boot

/dev/sda1 200M 12M 189M 6% /boot/efi

tmpfs 744M 0 744M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/sdb1 1.9T 33M 1.9T 1% /mydata

14.获取UUID方法

[root@amd ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1

/dev/sdb1: UUID="a8b15d78-e144-40e4-8f0e-c68b9749affd" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="142a3cd8-f2a2-4c83-987d-be3811eca4fc"