python array_python之模块array

>>> importarray#定义了一种序列数据结构>>>help(array)#创建数组，相当于初始化一个数组，如：d={},k=[]等等

array(typecode [, initializer])--create a new array

#a=array.array('c')，决定着下面操作的是字符，并是单个字符

#a=array.array('i')，决定着下面操作的是整数

|Attributes:|

| typecode --the typecode character used to create the array| itemsize -- the length inbytes of one array item|

|Methods defined here:

|•append(...)|append(x)| #向array数组添加一个数值value

|Append new value x to the end of the array.

>>> a=array.array('i')#整数，b与i类似

>>> a.append(8)

>>> a.append(81)

>>> a

array('i', [8, 81])#构成list

>>> a=array.array('c')#单个字符

>>> a.append('g')

>>> a.append('g')

>>> a

array('c', 'gg')#单个字符连接

>>> a=array.array('u')#Unicode character，意味着下面将要输入的是unicode字符串.

>>> a.append(u'x')#不要漏掉u

>>> a.append(u'x')

>>> a

array('u', u'xx')

|

|•buffer_info(...)| buffer_info() ->(address, length)#当前内存地址和数组长度

#返回一个元组(地址，长度)，给出了当前的内存地址和用于存储数组内容的缓冲区的长度

>>> a.buffer_info()

(19225728, 7)

| Return a tuple (address, length) giving the current memory address and

| the length in items of the buffer used to hold array's contents

|The length should be multiplied by the itemsize attribute to calculate| the buffer length inbytes.|

|byteswap(...)|byteswap()|

| Byteswap all items of the array. If the items in the array are not 1, 2,| 4, or 8 bytes in size, RuntimeError israised.|

|•count(...)|count(x)　　　　#统计array数组中某个元素(x)的个数.

>>> a

array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10])

>>> a.count(10)

3

>>> a.count(9)

2

| Return number of occurrences of x inthe array.|

|•extend(...)| extend(array oriterable)　　#参数接受 数组和可迭代对象

>>> a

array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10])

>>> a.extend([3,5])

>>> a

array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10, 3, 5])

#如果添加整数会出现什么错误？

>>> a.extend(10)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

a.extend(10)

TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable #int不是可迭代对象

|Append items to the end of the array.#在末尾添加数组或可迭代对象|

|fromfile(...)|fromfile(f, n)|

| Read n objects from the file object f andappend them to the end of the|array. Also called as read.|

|fromlist(...)|fromlist(list)|

| Append items to array fromlist.|

|fromstring(...)|fromstring(string)|

| Appends items fromthe string, interpreting it as an array of machine| values,as if it had been read froma file using the fromfile() method).|

|fromunicode(...)|fromunicode(ustr)|

| Extends this array with data fromthe unicode string ustr.| The array must be a type 'u'array; otherwise a ValueError| israised. Use array.fromstring(ustr.decode(...)) to|append Unicode data to an array of some other type.|

|index(...)|index(x)|

| Return index of first occurrence of x inthe array.|

|•insert(...)|insert(i,x)　　#在i的位置插入一个新的item在array中|

|Insert a new item x into the array before position i.|

|•pop(...)|pop([i])

>>> a=array.array('i')

>>> a.append(2)

>>> a.append(9)

>>> a.append(3)

>>> a

array('i', [2, 9, 3])

>>> a.pop()#默认删除索引为-1的元素，最后一个元素，如果传参数则按参数索引来删除元素.

3

>>> a

array('i', [2, 9])

| Return the i-th element and delete it from the array. i defaults to -1.|

|read(...)|fromfile(f, n)|

| Read n objects from the file object f andappend them to the end of the|array. Also called as read.|

|•remove(...)|remove(x)#删除指定元素，x为需要删除的元素.

| Remove the first occurrence of x inthe array.|

|reverse(...)|reverse()|

| Reverse the order of the items inthe array.|

|tofile(...)|tofile(f)|

|Write all items (as machine values) to the file object f. Also called as|write.|

|•tolist(...)| tolist() ->list

a=array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10, 3, 5])

>>> a.list()

a.list()

AttributeError: 'array.array' object has no attribute 'list'#array.array没有list属性

>>> a.tolist()

[9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10, 3, 5]

|Convert array to an ordinary list with the same items.|

|•tostring(...)| tostring() ->string

array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4])

>>> a.tostring()　　　　#转化为string

'\t\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00\t\x00\x00\x00\x04\x00\x00\x00'

|•tounicode(...)| tounicode() ->unicode #将unicode的array数组，转化为unicode string字符串。

>>> a=array.array('u')

>>> a.append(u'xiaodeng')

a.append(u'xiaodeng')

TypeError: array item must be unicode character

>>> a.append(u'x')

>>> a.append(u'i')

>>> a.tounicode()

u'xi'

|

|write(...)|tofile(f)|

|Write all items (as machine values) to the file object f. Also called as|write.|

| ----------------------------------------------------------------------

|Data descriptors defined here:|

|itemsize| the size, inbytes, of one array item|

|typecode|the typecode character used to create the array|

| ----------------------------------------------------------------------

Type code 　　C Type 　　　　　　　　Minimum size in bytes#最小字节大小

'c' 　　　　 character (字符,单个字符)　　　　　　 1

'b' 　　 　　signed integer 　　 　1

'B' 　　　　 unsigned integer　　 1

'u' 　　　　 Unicode character　　 2

'h' 　　　　 signed integer 　　 　2

'H'　　　　 unsigned integer 　　 2

'i'　　　　 signed integer 　　 　2

'I' 　　　　 unsigned integer 　　 2

'l' 　　　　 signed integer 　　 　4

'L' 　　　　 unsigned integer　　 4

'f' 　　　　 floating point 　　 　4

'd' 　　　　 floating point 　　 　8