getatter()通过方法名字符串调用方法,这个方法最主要的作用就是实现反射机制,也就是说可以通过字符串获取方法实例,这样就可以把一个类可能要调用的方法放到配置文件里,需要的时候进行动态加载。
1: 可以从类中获取属性和函数
新建test.py文件,代码如下:
# encoding:utf-8
import sys
class GetText():
def __init__(self):
pass
@staticmethod
def A():
print("this is a staticmethod function")
def B(self):
print("this is a func")
c = "cc desc"
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(sys.modules[__name__]) #
print(GetText) #
# 获取函数
print(getattr(GetText, "A")) #
# 获取函数返回值
getattr(GetText, "A")() # this is a staticmethod function
getattr(GetText(), "A")() # this is a staticmethod function
print(getattr(GetText, "B")) #
# 非静态方法不可用
# getattr(GetText, "B")()
getattr(GetText(), "B")() # this is a func
print(getattr(GetText, "c")) # cc desc
print(getattr(GetText(), "c")) # cc desc
2:从模块中获取类(通过类名字符串得到类对象)
新建test1.py,代码如下:
#encoding:utf-8
import sys
import test
print(sys.modules[__name__])
# 从模块中获取类对象
class_name = getattr(test, "GetText")
print(class_name) #
# 调用类的属性和函数
print(getattr(class_name, "A")) #
# 获取函数返回值
getattr(class_name, "A")() # this is a staticmethod function
getattr(class_name(), "A")() # this is a staticmethod function
print(getattr(class_name(), "B")) # >
# getattr(class_name, "B")() 非静态方法不可用
getattr(class_name(), "B")() # this is a func
# 获取属性值
print(getattr(class_name, "c")) # cc desc
print(getattr(class_name(), "c")) # cc desc