python local函数_Python内置函数locals

英文文档：

locals()

Update and return a dictionary representing the current local symbol table. Free variables are returned by locals() when it is called in function blocks, but not in class blocks.

说明：

1. 函数功能返回当前作用域内的局部变量和其值组成的字典，与globals函数类似(返回全局变量)>>> locals()

{'__package__': None, '__loader__': , '__doc__': None, '__name__': '__main__', '__builtins__': , '__spec__': None}

>>> a = 1

>>> locals() # 多了一个key为a值为1的项

{'__package__': None, '__loader__': , 'a': 1, '__doc__': None, '__name__': '__main__', '__builtins__': , '__spec__': None}

2. 可用于函数内。>>> def f():

print('before define a ')

print(locals()) #作用域内无变量

a = 1

print('after define a')

print(locals()) #作用域内有一个a变量，值为1

>>> f

>>> f()

before define a

{}

after define a

{'a': 1}

3. 返回的字典集合不能修改。>>> def f():

print('before define a ')

print(locals()) # 作用域内无变量

a = 1

print('after define a')

print(locals()) # 作用域内有一个a变量，值为1

b = locals()

print('b["a"]: ',b['a'])

b['a'] = 2 # 修改b['a']值

print('change locals value')

print('b["a"]: ',b['a'])

print('a is ',a) # a的值未变

>>> f()

before define a

{}

after define a

{'a': 1}

b["a"]: 1

change locals value

b["a"]: 2

a is 1

>>>

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