centos7安装python3_CentOS7保留默认Python版本并安装更新Python2和Python3共存

CentOS 7 默认的Python版本是python2.7.5。因为yum依赖于默认的python版本的缘由，所以要先保留默认版本，并修改yum文件头部后，才能开始安装更新python2和python3两个最新版本。（python2和python3共存）

一. 保留默认python版本2.7.5，并修改yum头部，保持yum对默认版本python2.7.5的依赖

1.su root　　# 获取root权限

2.mv /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python2.7.5　　# 保留默认版本python为python2.7.5

ln -s /usr/bin/python2.7.5 /usr/local/bin/python2.7.5　　# 创建软连接

3.ll /usr/bin/yum*　　# 查看/usr/bin/目录下所有yum文件（7个）头部

4.vi /usr/bin/yum*　　# 修改/usr/bin/目录下所有yum文件（7个）头部

#!/usr/bin/python —> #!/usr/bin/python2.7.5

5.vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down　　# 修改/usr/libexec/目录下 urlgrabber-ext-down头部

#!/usr/bin/python —> #!/usr/bin/python2.7.5

二. 安装最新版python2.7.13和python3.6.2（python2和python3共存，修改后默认版本为python3.6.2）

准备工作：

1. 安装wget命令（可以在线下载安装包的命令）

yum -y install wget

2. 准备编译环境

yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel

3. 下载并安装最新版本的python2和python3的tgz压缩文件

https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz

https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tgz

开始安装：

1. 进入下载目录：

cd /usr/local/src

2. 下载并安装最新版本python2：

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz

tar zxvf Python-2.7.13.tgz

cd Python-2.7.13

./configure

make all

make install

make clean

make distclean

rm -rf /usr/bin/python

rm -rf /usr/bin/python2

rm -rf /usr/bin/python2.7

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python2

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python2.7

/usr/bin/python -V

/usr/bin/python2 -V

/usr/bin/python2.7 -V

rm -rf /usr/local/bin/python

rm -rf /usr/local/bin/python2

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/local/bin/python

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/local/bin/python2

python -V

python2 -V

python2.7 -V

3. 下载并安装最新版本python3：

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tgz

tar zxvf Python-3.6.2.tgz

cd Python-3.6.2

./configure

make all

make install

make clean

make distclean

rm -rf /usr/bin/python

rm -rf /usr/bin/python3

rm -rf /usr/bin/python3.6

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3.6

/usr/bin/python -V

/usr/bin/python3 -V

/usr/bin/python3.6 -V

rm -rf /usr/local/bin/python

rm -rf /usr/local/bin/python3

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/local/bin/python

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/local/bin/python3

python -V

python3 -V

python3.6 -V