动名词的用法
动名词可以起名词的作用,在句子中作主语,宾语,表语,定语。动名词仍保留动词的
一般特征,可以有自己的宾语和状语,构成动名词短语。
动名词的否定形式是在前面加上
not, never
等否定词。
(一)做主语和表语。动名词短语用
and
连起来做主语时,谓语用复数形式。例如:
Fishing in this lake is forbidden.
这个湖里禁止钓鱼。
Going abroad for a visit and settling down abroad are two different things.
出国访问
和在国外定居是两件不同的事情。
It seems that reading English is easier than speaking it.
似乎读英语比说英语容易。
My favorite hobby is fishing/collecting stamps .
我最喜欢的爱好是钓鱼
/
集邮。
在
It
’
s no use; It
’
s (no) good; It
’
s useless ; It
’
s (not) wise; It
’
s (not) worthwhile; It
’
s of great (no, little) importance
等习惯表达中,
It
为形式主语,而将做主语的动名词短语
放在后面。例如:
It
’
s no use /good ringing her up now.
现在给她打电话没用了。
Is it worthwhile bargaining two hours for two cents?
为两分钱讲价两小时值得吗?
It
’
s wise trying again.
再试一次是明智的。
It is of great importance fighting against pollution.
制止污染有重要意义。
It is no use operating on the sick man. He should have been sent here early.
给这个
病人做手术已经没用了。本应该早些把他送来。
It is no good smoking; you
’
d better give it up.
吸烟没好处,你最好戒掉。
(二)动名词短语作宾语。
常用的能接动名词的动词有:
admit
承认,
appreciate
感激,
avoid
避免,
advise
建议,
can
’
t
help
不禁,
celebrate
庆祝,
consider
考虑,
complete
完
成,
contemplate
沉思、
打算,
defer
推迟,
delay
延期,
deny
否认,
detest
痛恨,
discontinue
停止,
dislike
不喜欢,
dispute
不同意,
endure
忍耐,
enjoy
喜欢,
escape
逃脱,
excuse
原谅,
fancy
想象,
feel like
想要,
finish
结束,
严禁,
forgive
原谅,
hinder
阻碍,
imagine
想象,
keep
保持,
mention
提到,
mind
在意,
miss
错过,
pardon
饶恕、原谅,
permit
允许,
postpone
推迟,
practise
实践、练习,
prevent
阻止,
recall
回忆,
report
报告,
resent
怨恨,
resist
抵制、阻止,
risk
冒险,
stop
停止,
suggest
建议,
understand
明
白、理解,等等。
例如:
He avoided giving me a definite answer.
他避免给我一个正确答案。
David suggested selling your dog and car to pay the debt.
戴维建议卖掉你的狗和车
抵债。
(我们把这句话改为虚拟语气:
David suggested that you (should) sell your dog and car to
pay the debt.
)
I couldn
’
t risk missing that train.
我可不敢冒误了那趟火车的险。
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