centos7 查看ip_环境篇：Virtualbox+Vagrant安装Centos7

环境篇：Virtualbox+Vagrant安装Centos7

1 安装Vagrant

Vagrant下载地址：https://www.vagrantup.com/

Vagrant百度网盘：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1jqnMml024niqWQPbrGVuJw提取码：xv8h

傻瓜安装即可

vagrant -v 查看版本

2 下载virtualbox.box镜像

virtualbox.box百度网盘：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1EBrysc13fd0qf9EbT5rKdw提取码：1dk4

3 安装Virtualbox

virtualbox下载地址：https://www.virtualbox.org

virtualbox百度网盘：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1InyLZ-8Zmjuj7Qyk0Qg1Uw提取码：ewty

傻瓜安装即可，注意和Vagrant有版本兼容问题

4 安装centos7

4.1 添加本地centos/7镜像

找到下载好的virtualbox.box文件目录

使用vagrant box add centos/7 C:\Users\SMZC\Desktop\virtualbox\virtualbox.box添加vagrant镜像

使用vagrant box list查询镜像

4.2 创建虚拟机环境

1. 新建一个文件夹，并进入命令行cmd

2. 使用vagrant init命令

3. 修改Vagrantfile文件

# -*- mode: ruby -*-# vi: set ft=ruby :# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what# you're doing.Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for  # boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.  #拉取镜像centos/7  config.vm.box = "centos/7"  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.  # config.vm.box_check_update = false  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080  #采用桥接网络,共享主机网络  config.vm.network "public_network"    # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port  # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access  # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine  # using a specific IP.  # config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on  # your network.  # config.vm.network "public_network"  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third  # argument is a set of non-required options.  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.  # Example for VirtualBox:  #  # config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine  #   vb.gui = true  #  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:  #   vb.memory = "1024"  # end  #虚拟机名字heaton-centos7，内存，核数    config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|      vb.memory = "4096"      vb.name= "heaton-centos7"      vb.cpus= 2    end  #  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more  # information on available options.  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as  # Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.  # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <  #   apt-get update  #   apt-get install -y apache2  # SHELLend

4. 在Vagrantfile文件命令行目录，使用命令vagrant up创建启动虚拟机

4.3 修改root密码

1. 使用vagrant ssh 命令进入刚刚创建的虚拟机

2. 使用sudo -i命令进入root用户

3. 使用vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config命令修改sshd_config使root用户可以使用密码登录

PasswordAuthentication yes

4. 使用passwd设置密码

5. 使用systemctl restart sshd重启密码服务

6. 使用ip add查看ip即可使用远程工具登录root用户

5 复制虚拟机

1. 关闭需要复制的虚拟机

2. 进入虚拟机所在目录

vagrant package --output heaton-centos7.box

3. 将上面得到的heaton-centos7.box文件添加进vagrant镜像中

vagrant box add heaton-centos77 heaton-centos7.box

4. 进入一个新目录，生成新的虚拟机Vagrantfile

vagrant init heaton-centos77

5. 启动，则得到一个一模一样的虚拟机(注意修改网络)

vagrant up

6 一次性创建多台centos7

6.1 添加本地centos/7镜像

找到下载好的virtualbox.box文件目录

使用vagrant box add centos/7 C:\Users\SMZC\Desktop\virtualbox\virtualbox.box添加vagrant镜像

使用vagrant box list查询镜像

6.2 创建虚拟机环境

1. 新建一个文件夹，并进入命令行cmd

2. 使用type nul>Vagrantfile命令创建Vagrantfile文件

3. 修改Vagrantfile文件

• 先查询本机ip记住前三段，需要在Vagrantfile中指定

• 以下是创建3台的Vagrantfile

boxes = [{        :name => "master",        :eth1 => "192.168.192.10",        :mem => "2048",        :cpu => "2",        :sshport => 22230},{        :name => "slave1",        :eth1 => "192.168.192.11",        :mem => "2048",        :cpu => "2",        :sshport => 22231},{        :name => "slave2",        :eth1 => "192.168.192.12",        :mem => "2048",        :cpu => "2",        :sshport => 22232}]Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|    config.vm.box = "centos/7"    boxes.each do |opts|        config.vm.define opts[:name] do |config|            config.vm.hostname = opts[:name]            config.vm.network :public_network, ip: opts[:eth1]            config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 2222, id: "ssh", disabled: "true"        config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: opts[:sshport]            config.vm.provider "vmware_fusion" do |v|                v.vmx["memsize"] = opts[:mem]                v.vmx["numvcpus"] = opts[:cpu]            end            config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|                v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", opts[:mem]]            v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--cpus", opts[:cpu]]                v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", opts[:name]]            end        endendend

4. 在Vagrantfile文件命令行目录，使用命令vagrant up创建启动虚拟机

6.3 修改root密码

1. 使用命令进入刚刚创建的虚拟机，如下为上面创建的3台虚拟机，可以选择多开cmd，或者依次处理。

• vagrant ssh master

• vagrant ssh slave1

• vagrant ssh slave2

使用sudo -i命令进入root用户

使用vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config命令修改sshd_config文件，使root用户可以使用密码登录

PasswordAuthentication yes

4. 使用passwd设置密码

5. 使用systemctl restart sshd重启密码服务

6. 即可使用远程工具登录Vagrantfile上指定ip的root用户。