python数据类型转换str转成float_Python 读取数据文件格式是Str，如何让它转化成Float？...

我初学Python，今天开始实践，用Python读取一个表格文件，N行M列，数字间用制表符隔开，读完之后选取一行看效果，发现读取的数据是以str类型储存的：#!/usr/bin/python

# Filename: cotalogue.py

catalogue = []

f = open('NGC1868.Final.cat')

c = f.readlines()

Num = 0

for item in c:

item = item.rstrip()

v = item.split(' ')

catalogue.append(v)

print catalogue[0]

['0', '308.080000000000', '73.8000000000000', '-63.9551230737155', '78.6517235172791', '1.23000000000000', '612.600000000000', '-0.0290000000000000', '0.0720000000000000', '85', '1', '55320.8300000000', '41.4170000000000', '19.0960000000000', '19.0710000000000', '0.00400000000000000', '1.86000000000000', '290', '-0.0460000000000000', '0.0930000000000000', '0.00700000000000000', '55673.1500000000', '36.0740000000000', '18.2040000000000', '18.1680000000000', '0.00200000000000000', '0.980000000000000', '539.500000000000', '-0.0230000000000000', '0.0490000000000000', '0.00800000000000000']

这让我很难继续接下来的计算，比如要算此行的第15个元素与第25个元素的差，将会告诉我'-'号运算符不能用于str之间：

print catalogue[0][14]-catalogue[0][24]

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'str' and 'str'

这个问题有没有人遇到过？能否告诉怎么改进这个代码好让Python不将数字识别为str？谢谢好心人的帮助。