python字典添加列表_Python-通过键列表访问嵌套字典项？

小编典典

使用reduce()遍历词典：

from functools import reduce # forward compatibility for Python 3

import operator

def getFromDict(dataDict, mapList):

return reduce(operator.getitem, mapList, dataDict)

并重getFromDict用以查找用于存储值的位置setInDict()：

def setInDict(dataDict, mapList, value):

getFromDict(dataDict, mapList[:-1])[mapList[-1]] = value

除了最后一个元素外，所有元素mapList都需要查找“父”字典以将值添加到其中，然后使用最后一个元素将值设置为右键。

演示：

>>> getFromDict(dataDict, ["a", "r"])

1

>>> getFromDict(dataDict, ["b", "v", "y"])

2

>>> setInDict(dataDict, ["b", "v", "w"], 4)

>>> import pprint

>>> pprint.pprint(dataDict)

{'a': {'r': 1, 's': 2, 't': 3},

'b': {'u': 1, 'v': {'w': 4, 'x': 1, 'y': 2, 'z': 3}, 'w': 3}}

请注意，Python PEP8样式指南规定了函数的snake_case名称。上面的方法同样适用于列表或字典和列表的混合，因此名称应为get_by_path()and set_by_path()：

from functools import reduce # forward compatibility for Python 3

import operator

def get_by_path(root, items):

"""Access a nested object in root by item sequence."""

return reduce(operator.getitem, items, root)

def set_by_path(root, items, value):

"""Set a value in a nested object in root by item sequence."""

get_by_path(root, items[:-1])[items[-1]] = value

2020-02-10