【Zabbix】Zabbix 安装文档

摘要

• zabbix 3.4版本

• CentOS6.9+Nginx1.9.9+Mysql5.7+Php5.6（LNMP）

安装

- CentOS6.9环境准备

• 系统安装指导文档

• 网卡配置

  1. 更改网卡名称
     ifconfig -a 获取MAC地址
     vim /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules 修改 eth0 网卡的MAC地址
     
     
  2. 更改网卡配置
     vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
     
  3. 修改网关和计算机名
     vim /etc/sysconfig/network
     
  4. 重启
     service network restart 重启网卡
     reboot或shutdown -r 0 重启电脑

• 防火墙设置

  1. iptables 文件
     ll /etc/sysconfig/iptables 查看iptables是否存在
     iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT 生成任意规则
     service iptables save 生成iptables文件

  2. 设置防火墙规则
     service iptables stop
vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

  # Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
  # Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
  *filter
  :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
  :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
  :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
  -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
  -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
  COMMIT
  

   `service iptables start`
   `chkconfig iptables on`
   `chkconfig --list iptables`
  

• SELINUX设置

  1. vim /etc/selinux/config

  vi /etc/selinux/config
  
  #SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉
  
  #SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉
  
  SELINUX=disabled #增加
  
  :wq! #保存退出
  

  2. setenforce 0 使配置立即生效

• wget安装

  yum install wget
  

- Nginx1.9.9安装

1. 依赖软件

   yum install pcre* -y
   yum install openssl* -y
   yum install zlib* -y
   

2. 源码包下载
   cd /usr/local/src/ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz

3. 安装

    tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz
    cd nginx-1.9.9
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx/ --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre
    make
    make install
   

4. 开机自启动脚本
   vim /usr/local/nginx/nginx.sh

   	#!/bin/bash
   	# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
   	# it is v.0.0.2 version.
   	# chkconfig: - 85 15
   	# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.
   	#              It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.
   	# processname: nginx
   	# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
   	# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
   	nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx                        #/注意你安装nginx是否这个路径
   	nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf     #/注意你安装nginx是否这个路径
   	nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid                            #/注意你安装nginx是否这个路径
   	RETVAL=0
   	prog="nginx"
   	# Source function library.
   	. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
   	# Source networking configuration.
   	. /etc/sysconfig/network
   	# Check that networking is up.
   	[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
   	[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
   	# Start nginx daemons functions.
   	start() {
   	if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
   	   echo "nginx already running...."
   	   exit 1
   	fi
   	   echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
   	   daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
   	   RETVAL=$?
   	   echo
   	   [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
   	   return $RETVAL
   	}
   	# Stop nginx daemons functions.
   	stop() {
   	        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
   	        killproc $nginxd
   	        RETVAL=$?
   	        echo
   	        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
   	}
   	# reload nginx service functions.
   	reload() {
   	    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
   	    #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
   	    killproc $nginxd -HUP
   	    RETVAL=$?
   	    echo
   	}
   	# See how we were called.
   	case "$1" in
   	start)
   	        start
   	        ;;
   	stop)
   	        stop
   	        ;;
   	reload)
   	        reload
   	        ;;
   	restart)
   	        stop
   	        start
   	        ;;
   	status)
   	        status $prog
   	        RETVAL=$?
   	        ;;
   	*)
   	        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
   	        exit 1
   	esac
   	exit $RETVAL
   	```
   	
   	```
   	cp nginx.sh /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
   	chmod 755  /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
   	chkconfig nginx on
   	```
   

5. 启动
   service nginx start

6. 校验
   curl -s http://localhost | grep nginx.com
   

7. 维护命令

   service nginx start 或者 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 
   service nginx reload 或者 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
   service nginx stop 或者/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
   

8. 多站点配置

9. 基本配置与参数说明

- Mysql5.7安装

1. 配置yum源
   cd /etc/yum.repos.d
vim mysql-community.repo

   # Enable to use MySQL 5.7
   [mysql57-community]
   name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
   baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
   enabled=1
   gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
   

   `yum repolist enabled | grep mysql`
   
   下载RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
   `wget http://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql -O /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql`  
   

2. yum安装

   yum install mysql -y
   yum install mysql-server -y
   yum install mysql-devel -y
   

   查看具体安装目录
   `rpm -ql mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64`
   查看mysql安装包名称
   `rpm -qa mysql* `
   

3. 密码修改
   查看初始密码

   sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
   

   修改密码
   

   
   mysql -uroot -pcl4it0XX9_ul
   SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123=abc@ABC=123');
   ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
   flush privileges;
   

4. 开机启动
   chkconfig mysqld on chkconfig mysqld on

- PHP5.6安装

1. 依赖软件

      yum install gcc make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel -y
      yum install openldap openldap-devel -y
      ```	
   
   

2. 源码包下载

   cd /usr/local/src/
   wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.36.tar.gz
   

3. 安装
   tar -zxvf php-5.6.36.tar.gz
cd php-5.6.36

   ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-bz2 --with-curl  --with-ldap --enable-ftp --enable-sockets --disable-ipv6 --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local --with-png-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --enable-mbstring --enable-calendar --with-gettext --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-zlib --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mysql=mysqlnd --enable-dom --enable-xml --enable-fpm --with-libdir=lib64 --enable-bcmath
   

   make make install

4. 配置
   4.1 修改php.ini参数
   cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.36/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
max_execution_time = 300 memory_limit = 128M post_max_size = 16M upload_max_filesize = 2M max_input_time = 300 date.timezone PRC always_populate_raw_post_data = -1
   4.2 php-fpm.conf
   cd /usr/local/php/etc
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
   修改如下参数：
   pid = run/php-fpm.pid request_terminate_timeout = 300

5. 开机自启动服务
   cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.36/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm chkconfig php-fpm on

6. 启动
   service php-fpm start 或者 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

7. 校验
   netstat -lnt | grep 9000
ps aux | grep php-fpm

8. 维护命令
   service php-fpm start 或者 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm service php-fpm stop service php-fpm reload

9. 不重新编译为PHP增加LDAP模块的支持

    ```
    cd /usr/local/src/php-5.6.36/ext/ldap
    /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
    cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib
    ./configure --with-ldap --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
    make
    make install
    
    # php.ini添加ldap模块
    vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
    extension = ldap.so
    service php-fpm reload
    service php-fpm restart
    ```
   

• Zabbix安装

1. 依赖软件

    ```
    yum install libevent-devel
    yum install net-snmp*
    # find / -name mysql_config 如果没找到执行下边一条
    yum install mysql-devel
    ```
   

2. 安装

   ```
   wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/3.4.9/zabbix-3.4.9.tar.gz
   tar -zxvf zabbix-3.4.9.tar.gz
   cd zabbix-3.4.9
   ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --enable-proxy --with-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql_config
   make
   make install
   # 添加系统软连接
   ln -s /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
   ln -s /usr/local/zabbix/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
   ```
   

3. 修改Zabbix Server配置

    `cd /usr/local/zabbix/etc`
    `vim vim zabbix_server.conf`
    		
    ```
    DBName=zabbix #数据库名称
    DBUser=zabbix #数据库用户名		
    DBPassword=123=abc@ABC=123 #数据库密码		
    ListenIP=127.0.0.1 #数据库ip地址		
    AlertScriptsPath=/usr/local/zabbix/share/zabbix/alertscripts #zabbix运行脚本存放目录
    ```
   

4. 修改Zabbix Agent配置
   vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

   Include=/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/
   UnsafeUserParameters=1 #启用自定义key
   

5. 开机自启动服务

    ```
    cp /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.4.9/misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_* /etc/rc.d/init.d/
    
    # 修改脚本中zabbix的安装目录		
    vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix_server #编辑服务端配置文件
    BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix/ #zabbix安装目录
    :wq! #保存退出
    
    vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix_agentd #编辑客户端配置文件
    BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix/ #zabbix安装目录
    :wq! #保存退出
   
    chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix_*
    chkconfig zabbix_server on
    chkconfig zabbix_agentd on
    ```
   

6. 创建用户

    ```
    groupadd zabbix	
    useradd zabbix -g zabbix -s /bin/false # /bin/false 账号禁止用于登陆
    ```
   

7. 添加zabbix服务对应的端口

    ```
    # vim /etc/services 末尾添加以下内容：
    
    # Zabbix
    zabbix-agent 10050/tcp # Zabbix Agent
    zabbix-agent 10050/udp # Zabbix Agent
    zabbix-trapper 10051/tcp # Zabbix Trapper
    zabbix-trapper 10051/udp # Zabbix Trapper
    ```
   

• Mysql数据库配置

1. 创建zabbix数据库
   create database zabbix DEFAULT CHARSET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

2. 创建zabbix用户

    ```
    # 允许本地 IP 访问 localhost, 127.0.0.1
    use mysql;
    create user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by '123=abc@ABC=123';
    # 允许外网 IP 访问
    use mysql;
    create user 'zabbix'@'%' identified by '123=abc@ABC=123';
    # 刷新授权
    flush privileges;
    ```
   

3. 数据库授权

    ```
    # 授予用户在本地服务器对该数据库的全部权限
    grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by '123=abc@ABC=123';
    # 授予用户通过外网IP对于该数据库的全部权限
    grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'%' identified by '123=abc@ABC=123';
    # 刷新授权
    flush privileges;
    # 权限查看
    show grants for 'zabbix'@'localhost';
    ```
   

4. 导入zabbix数据库
   方法一

    ```		
    mysql -uroot -p123=abc@ABC=123
    use zabbix;
    source /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.4.9/database/mysql/schema.sql；
    source /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.4.9/database/mysql/images.sql;
    source /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.4.9/database/mysql/data.sql;
    ```		
   

   方法二

    ```		
     mysql -uroot -p123=abc@ABC=123 zabbix < /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.4.9/database/mysql/schema.sql
     mysql -uroot -p123=abc@ABC=123 zabbix < /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.4.9/database/mysql/images.sql;
     mysql -uroot -p123=abc@ABC=123 zabbix < /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.4.9/database/mysql/data.sql;
    ```
   

5. 添加软连接

    ```
    cd /usr/lib64/mysql #32位系统为/usr/lib/mysql
    ln -s libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0 libmysqlclient.so
    ln -s libmysqlclient_r.so.16.0.0 libmysqlclient_r.so
    ```
   

• Nginx站点配置

1. 配置站点目录

    ```
    mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/
    cp -rf /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.4.9/frontends/php/* /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/
    ```
   

2. 添加配置文件

    ```
    # 创建多站点配置目录
    mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/
    
    # vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/monitor.zabbix.com.conf 添加以下内容：
    
    server {
            listen 80 default; #default表示默认以IP作为访问方式，不添加则禁止IP访问
            server_name monitor.zabbix.com;
            access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/zabbix/monitor.zabbix.com.access.log main;
            index index.html index.php index.html;
            root /data/site/monitor.zabbix.com;
            location /
            {
                    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
            }
            location ~ ^(.+.php)(.*)$ {
                    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(.*)$;
                    include fastcgi.conf;
                    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                    fastcgi_index index.php;
                    fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
            }
    }
    ```
   

3. 载入多站点配置

    ```
    vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    # http项最后加上
    include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/*.conf;
    # 去掉log_format 的注释
    service nginx reload
    service nginx restart
    ```
   

• 在线配置 zabbix

1. php 需求检查
   

2. 数据库配置
   

3. zabbix 服务端详细信息
   

4. zabbix 安装前信息列表
   

5. zabbix.conf.php 配置

   vim /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php

    ```
    <?php
    // Zabbix GUI configuration file.
    global $DB;
    
    $DB['TYPE']     = 'MYSQL';
    $DB['SERVER']   = '127.0.0.1';
    $DB['PORT']     = '3306';
    $DB['DATABASE'] = 'zabbix';
    $DB['USER']     = 'zabbix';
    $DB['PASSWORD'] = '123=abc@ABC=123';
    
    // Schema name. Used for IBM DB2 and PostgreSQL.
    $DB['SCHEMA'] = '';
    
    $ZBX_SERVER      = 'localhost';
    $ZBX_SERVER_PORT = '10051';
    $ZBX_SERVER_NAME = '';
    
    $IMAGE_FORMAT_DEFAULT = IMAGE_FORMAT_PNG;
    ```
    也可直接从给的链接下载
   

6. 登陆

    ```
    # 初始账号：
    admin
    # 初始密码：
    zabbix
   

• 中文乱码解决方案

# 下载simkai.ttf字体文件，放到/usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/fonts
# 使用sed 替换掉原来的字体
sed -i 's/DejaVuSans/simkai/g' /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/include/defines.inc.php

• Windows Zabbix Agent安装

1. 官网下载预编译包解压即完成安装

2. 配置config文件

    ```
    LogFile #日志文件目录
    Server #zabbix服务器IP
    ServerActive #zabbix服务器IP和端口，默认10051，用于检测服务端活性，可以注释掉
    Hostname #自定义主机名，Web端创建主机时主机名称必须与之相同
    UnsafeUserParameters #0,1；1表示支持用户自定义key
    UserParameter #用户自定义key
    UserParameter=keyname[*], python key_script $1 $2 #可用zabbix_get测试key是否生效
    ```
   

3. 使用zabbix_agentd.exe安装成服务，注意指定config文件
   zabbix_agentd.exe --install --config config_path

4. 服务端使用zabbix_get工具检测客户机是否连接成功
   zabbix_get -s zabbix_server_ip -p 10050 -k "system.cpu.load[all,avg1]"