(1)首先安装MySql数据库服务:
(2)安装navicat数据库客户端:
安装步骤:傻瓜安装,选择字符集的时候自己根据情况选择gbk2312,或者utf-8(一般涉及到网络传输或者跨平台,比如和java项目公用数据,会选择utf-8)
(3)安装odbc数据库连接驱动:
(4)使用otl操作mysql
(4.1)最新封装C++操作otl类库及示例代码下载(可直接运行):http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i31bZUX
(4.2)下面的示例更加简单,由于没有封装otl,只是使用了全局的otl_connect来实现的,方便入门
创建VS项目:
包含头文件:otl4.h
包含源文件:
#include
using namespace std;
#include
#define OTL_ODBC // CompileOTL 4.0/ODBC
// Thefollowing #define is required with MyODBC 5.1 and higher
#define OTL_ODBC_SELECT_STM_EXECUTE_BEFORE_DESCRIBE
#define OTL_UNICODE // CompileOTL with Unicode
#include "otlv4.h"// include the OTL 4.0 header file
otl_connect db; // connect object
void insert()
// insert rowsinto table
{
otl_stream o(1, //buffer size should be == 1 always on INSERT.
"insert into test_tab values(:f1,:f2)",
// SQLstatement, char[5] means 5 2-byte
// Unicodecharatcters including a null
// terminator
db // connectobject
);
unsigned short tmp[32]; // Nullterminated Unicode character array.
for(int i=1;i<=100;++i){
o<
tmp[0]=1111; //Unicode character (decimal code of 1111)
tmp[1]=2222; //Unicode character (decimal code of 2222)
tmp[2]=3333; //Unicode chracater (decimal code of 3333)
tmp[3]=4444; //Unicode chracater (decimal code of 4444)
tmp[4]=0; //Unicode null terminator
o<
// overloadedoperator<
// OTL acceptsa pointer to a Unicode character array.
//operator<
// in order toavoid ambiguity in C++ type casting.
}
}
void select()
{
otl_stream i(50, //buffer size
" select* from test_tab "
"where f1>= :f11 "
" and f1 <= :f12*2 ",
// SELECTstatement
db // connectobject
);
// create selectstream
int f1;
unsigned short f2[32];
i<<8<<8; // assigning :f11 = 8, f12 = 8
// SELECTautomatically executes when all input variables are
// assigned. Firstportion of output rows is fetched to the buffer
while(!i.eof()){// while not end-of-data
i>>f1;
i>>(unsigned char*)f2;
// overloaded operator>>(unsignedchar*) in the case of Unicode
// OTL acceptsa pointer to a Unicode chracter array.
//operator>>(unsigned short*) wasn't overloaded
// in order toavoid ambiguity in C++ type casting.
cout<
for(int j=0;f2[j]!=0;++j)
cout<
cout<
}
i<<4<<4; // assigning :f11 = 4, :f12 = 4
// SELECTautomatically executes when all input variables are
// assigned. Firstportion of output rows is fetched to the buffer
while(!i.eof()){// while not end-of-data
i>>f1>>(unsigned char*)f2;
cout<
for(int j=0;f2[j]!=0;++j)
cout<
cout<
}
}
int main()
{
otl_connect::otl_initialize(); // initialize the database API environment
try{
// connect to the database user/psw/dsn,这里的dsn是odbc创建数据源的时候设置的,
//注意dsn是odbc连接的名字,不是数据库的名字,otl是通过odbc的名字找到数据库的,
//而这个名字对于的配置里面
//已经包含了IP,端口等信息,只要你提供用户名和密码就可以访问了
//见http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/8065f87f38b31423312498e4.html
db.rlogon("root/123456@local_connect");
otl_cursor::direct_exec
(
db,
"drop table test_tab",
otl_exception::disabled // disable OTL exceptions
); // droptable
otl_cursor::direct_exec
(
db,
"create table test_tab(f1 int, f2 varchar(11))"
); // create table
insert(); //insert records into table
select(); //select records from table
}
catch(otl_exception&p){ // intercept OTL exceptions
cerr<
cerr<
cerr<
}
db.logoff(); //disconnect from the database
getchar();
return 0;
}
输出:
f1=8, f2=1111222233334444
f1=9, f2=1111222233334444
f1=10, f2=1111222233334444
f1=11, f2=1111222233334444
f1=12, f2=1111222233334444
f1=13, f2=1111222233334444
f1=14, f2=1111222233334444
f1=15, f2=1111222233334444
f1=16, f2=1111222233334444
f1=4, f2=1111222233334444
f1=5, f2=1111222233334444
f1=6, f2=1111222233334444
f1=7, f2=1111222233334444
f1=8, f2=1111222233334444
语法总结:
连接初始化:otl_connect::otl_initialize();
连接对象:otl_connect db; // connect object
连接数据库: db.rlogon("UID=scott;PWD=tiger;DSN=postgresql"); // connect to ODBC
连接数据库一般放在try子句中:
try{
db.rlogon("UID=scott;PWD=tiger;DSN=postgresql"); // connect to ODBC
}
catch(otl_exception& p){ // intercept OTL exceptions
cerr<
cerr<
cerr<
cerr<
}
db.logoff(); // disconnect from ODBC
数据库操作:在数据库的连接和断开之间执行,往往同一个连接内部进行多个数据库操作
db.rlogon("UID=scott;PWD=tiger;DSN=postgresql"); // connect to ODBC
otl_cursor::direct_exec
(
db,
"drop table test_tab",
otl_exception::disabled // disable OTL exceptions
); // droptable
表的创建
string sql ="create table test_tab(f1 int, f2 varchar(11))";
//create table person_tab(age int, student_name char(30))
otl_cursor::direct_exec
(
db,
sql.c_str();
); // create table
表的删除
otl_cursor::direct_exec
(
db,
"drop table test_tab",
otl_exception::disabled // disable OTL exceptions
); // droptable
插入
otl_stream o(50, // buffer size
"insert into test_tab "
"values(:f1,:f2,:f3)",
// SQL statement
db // connect object
);
o<
查询
otl_stream i(50, // buffer size "select * from test_tab where f1>=:f11 and f1<=:f12*2", // SELECT statement db // connect object );