python pdb pip安装_为什么我的pip安装需要python -m install --user？

I am running this inside a virtual environment.

When I type:

pip install django

I get:

ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno

13] Permission denied: /home/ENV/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pytz

Consider using the --user option or check the permissions.

For it to work I actually need to input:

python -m pip install --user django

Why?

解决方案

Let's break the two statements you added to your first command:

python -m install --user django

python -m: Allows modules to be located using the Python module namespace for execution as scripts. The motivating examples were standard library modules such as pdb and profile. See PEP 338

--user : By default pip installs Python packages to system directories which requires root privileges, to avoid using sudo pip install (which is not recommended by the way) use this flag to make pip install packages in your home directory instead, which doesn't require any special privileges.

As a side note, if you have multiple versions of Python installed, keeping track of which Python version version pip is bound to can be a PITA, hence python -m in this case you're sure that it's the pip bound to the Python called which will be executed.