python强制声明变量类型_在Python中为变量声明严格的数据类型？

不能控制全局或局部变量的赋值，但可以重写类对象属性的赋值。下面是一个使用setattr来强制类型的类。它有一个方法来分配静态类型(例如使用int而不是int())，并且还可以在变量第一次赋值时分配类型。它对类型非常严格，但可以更改以允许继承类型。在class BabySitter(object):

def __init__(self):

object.__setattr__(self, "_types", {})

# if you want static assignment

def set_type(self, name, _type):

self._types[name] = _type

def __setattr__(self, name, value):

_type = self._types.get(name)

if _type:

if type(value) is not _type: # or `if not isinstance(value, _type)`

raise ValueError(

"BabySitter type conflict assigning '{}': was {} is {}".format(

name, _type, type(value)))

# if you want dynamic assignment

else:

self._types[name] = type(value)

object.__setattr__(self, name, value)

var = BabySitter()

var.set_type("x", int) # static "x" declared as integer

var.set_type("y", float) # static "y" declared as float

var.z = 123 # dynamic "z" int because of first assignment

var.x = 5 # "x" assigned an integer

var.y = 2.75 # "y" assigned a float

print(var.x) # prints "5"

print(var.y) # prints "2.75"

var.x = var.y # <== exception is raised

print(var.x) # prints 2.75