python实现单例_Python 实现单例模式

# 使用Python实现单例模式

# 方法一: 使用__new__方法

class SingleTon(object):

def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):

if not hasattr(cls, '_instance'):

cls._instance = object.__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

return cls._instance

class TestClass(SingleTon):

a = 1

# 方法二: 使用装饰器(decorator)

def SingleTon1(cls, *args, **kwargs):

instances = {}

def _singleTon():

if cls not in instances:

instances[cls] = cls(*args, **kwargs)

return  instances[cls]

return _singleTon

@SingleTon1

class TestClass1(object):

a = 1

# 共享属性  属性是共享的,但是并非单例模式

class SingleTon3(object):

_state = {}

def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):

obj = object.__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

obj.__dict__ = cls._state

return obj

class TestClass3(SingleTon3):

a = 1

test1 = TestClass3()

test2 = TestClass3()

test1.a = 2

print(test1.a)

print(test2.a)

print(test1)

print(test2)