环境:
主服务器:centos 6.0 mysql 5.1.67-log IP:192.168.0.107从服务器:centos 6.0 mysql 5.1.67-log IP:192.168.0.109主服务器test数据库
CREATE TABLE `menber` (
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL default '',
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;insert into `menber` (`name`, `id`) values('zhangsan','1');insert into `menber` (`name`, `id`) values('lisi','2');insert into `menber` (`name`, `id`) values('王五','3');
mysql默认配置文件,如不特殊指定默认为/etc/my.cnf
mysql配置文件查找顺序:/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
配置:
一、主服务器
1.1、创建一个复制用户,具有replication slave 权限。mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.0.109' identified by 'repl';
mysql>flush privileges;
1.2、编辑my.cnf文件vi /etc/my.cnf
添加
server-id=107
并开启log-bin二进制日志文件(Mysql需要有/var/lib/mysql/目录的读写权限【可通过chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql命令进行更改】)
log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin#指定绝对路径,否者会出现mysql运行show master status;时无法查看日志情况
mysql> show master status;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show binary logs;
ERROR 1381 (HY000): You are not using binary logging
其他扩展配置项:
binlog-do-db=mysql1 #需要备份的数据库名,如果备份多个数据库,重复设置这个选项 即可binlog-ignore-db=mysql2 #不需要备份的数据库名,如果备份多个数据库,重复设置这 个选项即可log-slave-updates=1 #这个参数一定要加上,否则不会给更新的记录些到二进制文件 里slave-skip-errors=1 #是跳过错误,继续执行复制操作(可选)
1.3、重启mysql数据库service mysqld restart
1.4、设置读锁mysql>flush tables with read lock;
1.5、得到binlog日志文件名和偏移量(此处记住File名称和Position值,后面slave服务器配置时需要用到)
mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000001 | 713 | | |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
1.6、备份要同步的数据库mysqldump test > test.sql
1.7、解锁mysql>unlock tables;
二、从服务器(192.168.0.109)
将master(192.168.0.107)备份的数据库数据恢复到slave从服务器(192.168.0.109)
2.1、编辑my.cnf文件vi /etc/my.cnf
添加
server-id=109
2.2、重启从数据库service mysqld restart
2.3、对从数据库进行相应设置
此处要注意logfile的名称和position的值,其余host、user和password为主数据库设置的账号和密码
mysql> stop slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to -> master_host='192.168.0.107', -> master_user='repl', -> master_password='repl', -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', -> master_log_pos=713;
mysql> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send eventMaster_Host: 192.168.0.107Master_User: replMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1079Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000004Relay_Log_Pos: 251Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001Slave_IO_Running: YesSlave_SQL_Running: YesReplicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1079Relay_Log_Space: 407Until_Condition: NoneUntil_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0Master_SSL_Allowed: NoMaster_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0Last_SQL_Error: 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
Slave_IO_Running=YesSlave_SQL_Running=Yes
如果出现Slave_IO_Running: No或Slave_SQL_Running: NO,需要重做2.3、对从数据库进行相应设置
三、测试: 上述项配置完以后可查看master和slave上线程的状态。在master上,你可以看到slave的I/O线程创建的连接:在master上输入show processlist\G;
mysql> show processlist\G;*************************** 1. row ***************************
Id: 4
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULLCommand: Query
Time: 0
State: NULL
Info: show processlist*************************** 2. row ***************************
Id: 19
User: repl
Host: 192.168.0.109:42337
db: NULLCommand: Binlog Dump
Time: 183
State: Has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated
Info: NULL2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
3.1、在主数据库:192.168.0.107上添加新数据insert into `menber` (`name`) values('李八');insert into `menber` (`name`) values('苍井空');
3.2从数据库:192.168.0.109上查看数据库
mysql> select * from menber;+-----------+----+| name | id |+-----------+----+| zhangsan | 1 || lisi | 2 || 王五 | 3 || 李八 | 4 || 苍井空 | 5 |+-----------+----+5 rows in set (0.02 sec)
此时数据已经成功复制到slave从数据库192.168.0.109上。