矩阵的次方 matlab,Matlab矩阵幂运算

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help mpower

^ Matrix power.

Z = X^y is X to the y power if y is a scalar and X is square. If y

is an integer greater than one, the power is computed by repeated

squaring. For other values of y the calculation involves

eigenvalues and eigenvectors.

Z = x^Y is x to the Y power if Y is a square matrix and x is a scalar.

Computed using eigenvalues and eigenvectors.

Z = X^Y, where both X and Y are matrices, is an error.

C = MPOWER(A,B) is called for the syntax 'A ^ B' when A or B is an

object.

See also power.矩阵幂运算

Z = X^y，这里X是矩阵y是标量。如果y是一个比0大的整数，幂运算表示相同矩阵乘积，如果y取其他值，需要计算特征值和特征向量

Z = x^Y，这里Y是矩阵x是标量。使用特征值和特征向量进行计算

Z = X^Y，X和Y都是矩阵时，不能运算

简单的说，矩阵幂运算只能计算两种情况，矩阵的数次幂和数的矩阵次幂。前一种高等数学高等代数里面定义过了，后一种是Matlab自己定义的

这里着重介绍一下,第二种情况，数字的矩阵次幂，Z = x^Y,这种情况先对Y对角化，然后对对角线的每个元素做幂运算，然后通过逆变换变换回来

一般矩阵对角化过程：

A=[3 2 -1;-2 -2 2;3 6 -1]

[V,D]=eig(A) %V是特征向量，每一列是一个特征向量，D是对角阵，对角元素是对应的特征向量

T=inv(V)*A*V %inv(V)*A*V=D，所以V是变换使用的变换矩阵执行结果

A =

3 2 -1

-2 -2 2

3 6 -1

V =

0.8890 0.2673 0.1654

-0.2540 -0.5345 0.3737

0.3810 0.8018 0.9127

D =

2 0 0

0 -4 0

0 0 2

T =

2.0000 0 0

0.0000 -4.0000 0.0000

-0.0000 -0.0000 2.0000数字的矩阵次幂计算过程

A=[3 2 -1;-2 -2 2;3 6 -1]

S=2^A

[V,D]=eig(A)

A2=2^D %对角线分别做幂运算

S2=V*A2*inv(V) %做逆变换得到结果执行结果

A =

3 2 -1

-2 -2 2

3 6 -1

S =

4.6563 1.3125 -0.6562

-1.3125 1.3750 1.3125

1.9687 3.9375 2.0313

V =

0.8890 0.2673 0.1654

-0.2540 -0.5345 0.3737

0.3810 0.8018 0.9127

D =

2 0 0

0 -4 0

0 0 2

A2 =

4.0000 0 0

0 0.0625 0

0 0 4.0000

S2 =

4.6563 1.3125 -0.6562

-1.3125 1.3750 1.3125

1.9687 3.9375 2.0313