线性可分 SVM
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.svm import SVC # "Support vector classifier"
# 定义函数plot_svc_decision_function用于绘制分割超平面和其两侧的辅助超平面
def plot_svc_decision_function(model, ax=None, plot_support=True):
"""Plot the decision function for a 2D SVC"""
if ax is None:
ax = plt.gca()
xlim = ax.get_xlim()
ylim = ax.get_ylim()
# 创建网格用于评价模型
x = np.linspace(xlim[0], xlim[1], 30)
y = np.linspace(ylim[0], ylim[1], 30)
Y, X = np.meshgrid(y, x)
xy = np.vstack([X.ravel(), Y.ravel()]).T
P = model.decision_function(xy).reshape(X.shape)
#绘制超平面
ax.contour(X, Y, P, colors='k',
levels=[-1, 0, 1], alpha=0.5,
linestyles=['--', '-', '--'])
#标识出支持向量
if plot_support:
ax.scatter(model.support_vectors_[:, 0], model.support_vectors_[:, 1], s=300, linewidth=1, edgecolors='blue', facecolors='none');
ax.set_xlim(xlim)
ax.set_ylim(ylim)
# 用make_blobs生成样本数据
from sklearn.datasets.samples_generator import make_blobs
X, y = make_blobs(n_samples=50, centers=2, random_state=0, cluster_std=0.60)
# 用线性核函数的SVM来对样本进行分类
model = SVC(kernel='linear')
model.fit(X, y)
# 将样本数据绘制在直角坐标中
plt.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], c=y, s=50, cmap='autumn')
# 在直角坐标中绘制出分割超平面、辅助超平面和支持向量
plot_svc_decision_function(model)
plt.show()
结果
线性 SVM
不同类型样本发生了重叠的情况
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.svm import SVC # "Support vector classifier"
# 定义函数pl