python爬虫贴吧_【Python爬虫实战】爬取百度贴吧帖子

__author__ = 'CQC'

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import urllib

import urllib2

import re

#处理页面标签类

class Tool:

#去除img标签,7位长空格

removeImg = re.compile('| {7}|')

#删除超链接标签

removeAddr = re.compile('|')

#把换行的标签换为\n

replaceLine = re.compile('

|

|')

#将表格制表

替换为\t

replaceTD= re.compile('

')

#把段落开头换为\n加空两格

replacePara = re.compile('

')

#将换行符或双换行符替换为\n

replaceBR = re.compile('

|
')

#将其余标签剔除

removeExtraTag = re.compile('<.*?>')

def replace(self,x):

x = re.sub(self.removeImg,"",x)

x = re.sub(self.removeAddr,"",x)

x = re.sub(self.replaceLine,"\n",x)

x = re.sub(self.replaceTD,"\t",x)

x = re.sub(self.replacePara,"\n ",x)

x = re.sub(self.replaceBR,"\n",x)

x = re.sub(self.removeExtraTag,"",x)

#strip()将前后多余内容删除

return x.strip()

#百度贴吧爬虫类

class BDTB:

#初始化，传入基地址，是否只看楼主的参数

def __init__(self,baseUrl,seeLZ,floorTag):

#base链接地址

self.baseURL = baseUrl

#是否只看楼主

self.seeLZ = '?see_lz='+str(seeLZ)

#HTML标签剔除工具类对象

self.tool = Tool()

#全局file变量，文件写入操作对象

self.file = None

#楼层标号，初始为1

self.floor = 1

#默认的标题，如果没有成功获取到标题的话则会用这个标题

self.defaultTitle = u"百度贴吧"

#是否写入楼分隔符的标记

self.floorTag = floorTag

#传入页码，获取该页帖子的代码

def getPage(self,pageNum):

try:

#构建URL

url = self.baseURL+ self.seeLZ + '&pn=' + str(pageNum)

request = urllib2.Request(url)

response = urllib2.urlopen(request)

#返回UTF-8格式编码内容

return response.read().decode('utf-8')

#无法连接，报错

except urllib2.URLError, e:

if hasattr(e,"reason"):

print u"连接百度贴吧失败,错误原因",e.reason

return None

#获取帖子标题

def getTitle(self,page):

#得到标题的正则表达式

pattern = re.compile('

.*?(.*?)',re.S)

result = re.search(pattern,page)

if result:

return result.group(1).strip()

else:

return None

#获取每一层楼的内容,传入页面内容

def getContent(self,page):

#匹配所有楼层的内容

pattern = re.compile('

contents.append(content.encode('utf-8'))

return contents

def setFileTitle(self,title):

#如果标题不是为None，即成功获取到标题

if title is not None:

self.file = open(title + ".txt","w+")

else:

self.file = open(self.defaultTitle + ".txt","w+")

def writeData(self,contents):

#向文件写入每一楼的信息

for item in contents:

if self.floorTag == '1':

#楼之间的分隔符

floorLine = "\n" + str(self.floor) + u"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"

self.file.write(floorLine)

self.file.write(item)

self.floor += 1

def start(self):

indexPage = self.getPage(1)

pageNum = self.getPageNum(indexPage)

title = self.getTitle(indexPage)

self.setFileTitle(title)

if pageNum == None:

print "URL已失效，请重试"

return

try:

print "该帖子共有" + str(pageNum) + "页"

for i in range(1,int(pageNum)+1):

print "正在写入第" + str(i) + "页数据"

page = self.getPage(i)

contents = self.getContent(page)

self.writeData(contents)

#出现写入异常

except IOError,e:

print "写入异常，原因" + e.message

finally:

print "写入任务完成"

print u"请输入帖子代号"

baseURL = 'http://tieba.baidu.com/p/' + str(raw_input(u'http://tieba.baidu.com/p/'))

seeLZ = raw_input("是否只获取楼主发言，是输入1，否输入0\n")

floorTag = raw_input("是否写入楼层信息，是输入1，否输入0\n")

bdtb = BDTB(baseURL,seeLZ,floorTag)

bdtb.start()