python画圆柱_Python：在轴系统上创建许多3D圆柱图

下面的代码尝试使用数据框中的图例创建类似的3D图（不是圆柱形但是矩形）。情节是互动的。资源：1，2，3，4（Jupyter Notebook 5.0.0, Python 3.6.6）

导入库from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import pandas as pd

import numpy as np

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d

import matplotlib.patches as mpatches # for legends

%matplotlib notebook

创建示例数据框# Create two sets of identical xpos and ypos

# So taht the z-values are plotted at same location for stacking

xtemp = np.random.randint(1, 10, size=5)

ytemp = np.random.randint(1, 10, size=5)

df = pd.DataFrame({

# category

'season': ['S1']*5 + ['S2']*5 + ['S3']*5,

#'wins': np.random.randint(1, 10, size=15),

# define pos

'xpos' : list(xtemp)+list(xtemp)+list(xtemp),

'ypos' : list(ytemp)+list(ytemp)+list(ytemp),

'zpos' : np.zeros(15),

# define delta

'dx': 0.8*np.ones(15),

'dy': 0.8*np.ones(15),

'dz': np.random.randint(1, 5, size=15), #np.ones(15)

})

df.head(5)

绘制图

注：图分为两部分：（1）NS，EW线和（2）3D条形图的2D图fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

# ..................

# Line-1 on x-y plane

x = [4, 4]

y = [-3, 12]

ax.plot(x, y, zs=0, zdir='z', color='orange', alpha=0.8)

# Line-2 on x-y plane

y = [4, 4]

x = [-3, 12]

ax.plot(x, y, zs=0, zdir='z', color='blue', alpha=0.5)

# Creat multiple overlap plots within a loop

color = ['#6495ED', '#6E8B3D', '#FFB90F']

slist = ['S1', 'S2', 'S3']

stack_zpos = pd.Series(np.zeros(5))

for i in range(0,3):

q = df[df['season']==slist[i]].reset_index(inplace=False)

ax.bar3d(q.xpos, q.ypos, stack_zpos, q.dx, q.dy, q.dz, color=color[i], alpha=1)

stack_zpos += q.dz # values added here for stacking

注释行并删除z轴窗格和网格线# Remove the z-axis panes, grids and lines

alpha = 0

ax.w_xaxis.set_pane_color((1.0, 1.0, 1.0, alpha))

ax.w_yaxis.set_pane_color((1.0, 1.0, 1.0, alpha))

#

ax.zaxis._axinfo["grid"]['color'] = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, alpha)

ax.w_yaxis._axinfo["grid"]['linewidth'] = 0

ax.w_xaxis._axinfo["grid"]['linewidth'] = 0

#

ax.w_zaxis.line.set_lw(0.)

ax.set_zticks([])

#

ax.set_zlabel("") # remove z-axis label 'z'

# ..........

# Annotate the N, S, E, W lines on the x-y plane

zdirs = (None, 'x', 'y', 'z', (1, 1, 0), (1, 1, 1))

xs = (4, 4, -3, 12)

ys = (-3,12, 4, 4)

zs = (0, 0, 0, 0)

i=0 # Counter

nsew = ['N', 'S', 'E', 'W'] # list of labels

for zdir, x, y, z in zip(zdirs, xs, ys, zs):

label = '{0}'.format(nsew[i])

#label = 'N, S, E, W' #% (x, y, z, zdir)

ax.text(x, y, z, label, zdir)

i +=1

创建图表并将其添加到图表中# Add legend

patch1 = mpatches.Patch(color=color[0], label=slist[0])

patch2 = mpatches.Patch(color=color[1], label=slist[1])

patch3 = mpatches.Patch(color=color[2], label=slist[2])

plt.legend(handles=[patch1, patch2,patch3])

可视化情节plt.show()