python 渐变色柱形图_Python利用imshow制作自定义渐变填充柱状图/colorbar

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""Created on Wed Dec 9 10:36:54 2020@author: fanyiang"""import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npfrom matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap,LinearSegmentedColormapimport matplotlib as mplimport pandas as pdimport osfig, ax = plt.subplots(dpi=96)ax.set(xlim=(1,10), ylim=(-0.1,101), autoscale_on=False)#a = np.array([[1, 1],#[2, 2],#[3, 3],#[4, 4],#[5, 5]]) #每种渐变色分成五段(array五行)，数字表示在colormap对应的深浅avalue=locals()dfvalue=locals()for i in range(1,101):avalue["a"+str(i)]=np.array([[i,i]]) #渐变色分为100段，分的更细dfvalue["df"+str(i)]=pd.DataFrame(avalue["a"+str(i)]) #转dataframedf=dfvalue["df"+str(i)]df.to_csv("temp.csv", mode="a",header=None) #暂存csv文件，第一列会把每一次循环的index放进去df3=pd.read_csv("temp.csv",header=None)#读取csvdf3.columns=["序号","x","y"]#column命名，第一列废弃df3=df3.drop("序号",axis=1)#删除第一列a=np.array(df3) #转arrayprint(df3.head())#a=np.vstack((a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7,a8,a9,a10))print(a)clist=["white","blue"] #线性变化颜色由上面array值 小到大clist2=["red","white"]newcmp = LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list("chaos",clist)newcmp2 = LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list("chaos",clist2)plt.imshow(a,cmap=newcmp,interpolation="bicubic",extent=(1,10,0,60))plt.imshow(a,cmap=newcmp2,interpolation="bicubic",extent=(1,10,60,100)) #白色设置在60%处frame = plt.gca() #读取当前图层ax.yaxis.tick_right() #纵坐标移到右边ax.set_yticklabels(("-80","-60","-40","-20","0","20","40")) #自定义yticks显示的值，第一个label不显示frame.spines["top"].set_visible(False) #上框线不显示frame.spines["bottom"].set_visible(False)frame.spines["right"].set_visible(False)frame.spines["left"].set_visible(False)plt.xticks([]) #x坐标不要plt.show()fig.savefig("colorbar.tif",dpi=600,format="tif")os.remove("temp.csv") #删除临时的csv文件print("Done!")#N = 10#x = np.arange(N) + 0.15#y = np.random.rand(N)#width = 0.4#for x, y in zip(x, y):#ax.imshow(a, interpolation="bicubic", extent=(x, x+width, 0, y), cmap=plt.cm.Blues_r)#ax.set_aspect("auto")#plt.show()