MySQL本地安装

1.资源准备

1. 1.点击下载

MySQL8

1. 2.解压后目录结构如下

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注：红框中为手动创建，特别注意my.ini文件编码为ANSI编码

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my.ini配置文件内容：

#======================================================
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
 
[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=D:\Program Files\MySQL\mysql-8.0.18-winx64
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=D:\Program Files\MySQL\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=20
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB


#======================================================

2.安装配置

2. 1.初始化

mysqld --initialize

2. 2安装服务

mysqld install MySQL8 --defaults-file="D:\Program Files\MySQL\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\my.ini"

3.其他

3. 1.多个mysql指定端口登录

mysql -uroot -P3307 -p #-P后为端口号

3. 2.查看默认安装的用户名和密码

在my.ini配置的datadir下的err文件中可以找到如下信息：

3.3登录并改密码和授予远程登录权限

D:\Program Files\MySQL\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin>mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: ************ #登录
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.18

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'root' password expire never;#更改用户密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified with mysql_native_password by 'root';#mysql8.0需要执行此处，否则native登录不了
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;#刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> update user set host = "%" where user = "root";#授予root远程登入权限
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;#刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye