Centos8 制作qcow2及使用

制作及使用方法如下：

1. 下载ios:
wget https://archive.kernel.org/centos-vault/8.2.2004/isos/x86_64/CentOS-8.2.2004-x86_64-dvd1.iso --no-check-certificate

放到 /mnt/sda2/image_backup/ 中

2. ios转qcow2：
https://blog.51cto.com/u_15127597/4663898
virt-install --name CentOS-8.2.2004-x86_64 --ram 1024 --cdrom=/mnt/sda2/image_backup/CentOS-8.2.2004-x86_64-dvd1.iso --disk CentOS-8.2.2004-x86_64.qcow2,format=qcow2 --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole --os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel6 --check all=off

安装完成后，关闭系统，然后就可以使用qcow2文件了


3. 使用qemuq启动qcow2:
export prefix=lds-
export mac=56:e8:ca:12:ba:0a
bash -x /home/lds/cmcc/qemu-test.sh server


qemu-test.sh 文件内容如下：

# cat qemu-test.sh
qemu="/home/lds/qemu-system-x86_64"

queue_num=1
queue_size=1024
prefix="${prefix:-}"
mode=$1
server=off
mac="${mac:-56:e8:ca:12:ba:05}"

case $mode in
    client)
        server=off ;;
    server)
        server=on ;;
    * )
        echo "unsuport mode"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

tap_id=${mac:15:18}
ip tuntap add tap${tap_id} mode tap
ip link set tap${tap_id} up
ip link set tap${tap_id} master br0
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT

$qemu --enable-kvm -name vdpa1 -enable-kvm -cpu host -drive file=/mnt/sda2/image_backup/CentOS-8.2.2004-x86_64.qcow2\
    -m 4096 -smp 8 -boot c \
    -L /data/qemu-5.2.0/pc-bios \
    --machine q35,accel=kvm,kernel_irqchip=split \
    -object memory-backend-file,id=mem,size=4096M,mem-path=/dev/hugepages,share=on -numa node,memdev=mem -mem-prealloc \
    -netdev tap,ifname=tap2,id=hostnet0,script=no,downscript=no -device e1000,netdev=hostnet0,id=mynet2,mac=${mac} \
    -device intel-iommu,intremap=on,caching-mode=on \
    -vnc 0.0.0.0:14 -serial telnet::7004,server,nowait



4. 启动qcow2文件后，解决yum Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream': Cannot p
解决方法：


cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org|baseurl=http://vault.centos.org|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
yum update -y

等待更新完成，然后就可以使用yum安装软件了

参考：
关于 CentOS8出现“Error: Failed to download metadata for repo ‘AppStream‘: xxxx” 的解决方法
https://blog.csdn.net/qq21497936/article/details/122862858


5. 然后安装 kernel-devel.x86_64 等：
yum list --showduplicates|grep kernel
注意： 使用 yum install kernel-devel.x86_64 安装的和实际的内核不一致，需要手动下载rpm包安装
下载地址：https://vault.centos.org/8.2.2004/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/

https://vault.centos.org/8.2.2004/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/kernel-4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64.rpm
https://vault.centos.org/8.2.2004/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/kernel-devel-4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64.rpm
https://vault.centos.org/8.2.2004/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/kernel-headers-4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64.rpm

sudo rpm -ivh kernel-devel-4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64.rpm
sudo rpm -ivh kernel-headers-4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps

默认会安装到 /usr/src/kernels/4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64 中

然后就可以编译内核驱动代码了