项目要求:
- 用1602液晶实时显示年月日时分秒;
- 可进行闹钟设定和到时报警功能,按任意键可取消报警提示;
- 具有任意调节各参数功能,设计4按键进行功能调节,分别为功能选择键、数值增大键、数值减小键、闹钟查看键;
- 有效按键操作时伴随蜂鸣器“滴”声提示;
- 设计实现DS12C887自身掉电可继续计时功能,即掉电后再次上电可精确显示为未掉电应该到达的时间,并显示在液晶上;
原理图:
代码:
define.h
#define uchar unsigned char //定义无符号字符型变量
#define uint unsigned int //定义无符号整型变量
sbit dula=P2^6; //段锁存器位定义
sbit wela=P2^7;
sbit rs=P3^5; //液晶操作位定义
sbit lcden=P3^4;
sbit buzzer=P2^3; //蜂鸣器位定义
sbit dscs=P1^4; //DS12C887位定义
sbit dsas=P1^5;
sbit dsrw=P1^6;
sbit dsds=P1^7;
sbit dsirq=P3^3;
sbit s1=P3^0; //定义按键,s1(s9)功能键
sbit s2=P3^1; //s2(s13)增加键
sbit s3=P3^2; //s3(s17)减小键
sbit s4=P3^6; //闹钟查看键
sbit rd=P3^7;
bit flag1,flag_ri; //flag1=1代表设置了闹钟,flag_ri=1表示闹钟时间到
uchar code table0[]=" 20 - - "; //定义初始化显示的字符
uchar code table1[]=" : : ";
uchar s1num, flag;
char shi,fen,miao,year, month, day,week, amiao, afen, ashi;
void write_c887(uchar, uchar); //单片机向DS12C887中写数据
void set_alarm(uchar, uchar, uchar); //闹钟设定程序
void read_alarm(); //读闹钟设定
uchar read_c887(uchar); //单片机读取DS12C887中的数据
void set_time(); //初始化时间设定
DS12C887.c
#include <reg52.h> //头文件声明
#include <define.h> //引用define程序
void delay(uint z) //定义延时子程序
{
uint i,j;
for(i=z;i>0;i--)
for(j=110;j>0;j--);
}
void di() //定义蜂鸣器程序
{
buzzer=0;
delay(100);
buzzer=1;
}
void write_cmd(uchar cmd) //单片机向1602液晶中写指令
{
rs=0;
lcden=0;
P0=cmd; //指令赋给P0口
delay(3);
lcden=1;
delay(3);
lcden=0;
}
void write_dat(uchar dat) //单片机向1602液晶中写数据
rs=1;
lcden=0;
P0=dat; //数据赋给P0口
delay(3);
lcden=1;
delay(3);
lcden=0;
}
void init() //初始化子程序
{
uchar num; //定义无符号字符型变量
EA=1; //开总中断
EX1=1; //开外部中断1,用于清除闹钟报警,按任意键清除
IT1=1; //设置负跳边沿触发中断
flag1=0; //变量初始化
s1num=0;
week=1;
dula=0; //关闭段选,以防数码管被点亮
wela=0;
lcden=0;
rd=0;
/*首次设置DS12C887时使用,以后不必再次写入
write_c887(0x0a,0x20);
write_c887(0x0b,0x26); //开启定时器
set_time();
*******************************************************/
write_cmd(0x38); //1602液晶初始化
write_cmd(0x08);
write_cmd(0x01);
write_cmd(0x06);
write_cmd(0x0c);
write_cmd(0x80); //设置数据地址指针,即指向第1行
for(num=0;num<15;num++) //日期总共13位,每次只能写1位,要循环12次
{
write_dat(table0[num]);
delay(1);
}
write_cmd(0x80+0x40); //设置数据地址指针,即指向第2行
for(num=0;num<11;num++)
{
write_dat(table1[num]);
delay(1);
}
}
void write_hms(uchar add, char dat) //1602液晶刷新时、分、秒程序
{
char shi, ge; //定义两位数,shi代表高位,fen代表低位
shi=dat/10;
ge=dat%10;
write_cmd(0x80+0x40+add); //指针地址指向
write_dat(0x30+shi); //写高位数据
write_dat(0x30+ge); //写低位数据
}
void write_ymd(uchar add, char dat) //1602液晶刷新年、月、日程序
{
char shi,ge;
shi=dat/10;
ge=dat%10;
write_cmd(0x80+add);
write_dat(0x30+shi);
write_dat(0x30+ge);
}
void write_week(char week) //单片机向1602液晶中写显示星期程序
{
write_cmd(0x80+12); //写命令指针指向
switch(week) //wk为1,执行case 1,以下类似。
{
case 1: write_dat('M');
delay(5);
write_dat('O');
delay(5);
write_dat('N');
break;
case 2: write_dat('T');
delay(5);
write_dat('U');
delay(5);
write_dat('E');
break;
case 3: write_dat('W');
delay(5);
write_dat('E');
delay(5);
write_dat('D');
break;
case 4: write_dat('T');
delay(5);
write_dat('H');
delay(5);
write_dat('U');
break;
case 5: write_dat('F');
delay(5);
write_dat('R');
delay(5);
write_dat('I');
break;
case 6: write_dat('S');
delay(5);
write_dat('A');
delay(5);
write_dat('T');
break;
case 7: write_dat('S');
delay(5);
write_dat('U');
delay(5);
write_dat('N');
break;
}
}
void keyscan() //按键扫描程序
{
if(flag_ri==1) //用做取消闹钟报警,按任意键取消报警
{
if((s1==0)||(s2==0)||(s3==0)||(s4==0))
{
delay(5);
if((s1==0)||(s2==0)||(s3==0)||(s4==0))
{
while(!(s1&&s2&&s3&&s4));
di();
flag_ri=0; //消除报警标志
}
}
}
if(s1==0) //检测s1
{
delay(5);
if(s1==0)
{
s1num++; //记录按下次数
if(flag1==1)
{
if(s1num==4)
s1num=1;
}
flag=1; //在调整时间时,不进行计时操作
while(!s1);
di();
switch(s1num) //光标闪烁点定位
{
case 1: write_cmd(0x80+0x40+10);
write_cmd(0x0f);
break;
case 2: write_cmd(0x80+0x40+7);
break;
case 3: write_cmd(0x80+0x40+4);
break;
case 4: write_cmd(0x80+12);
break;
case 5: write_cmd(0x80+9);
break;
case 6: write_cmd(0x80+6);
break;
case 7: write_cmd(0x80+3);
break;
case 8: s1num=0;
write_cmd(0x0c);
flag=0;
write_c887(0,miao);
write_c887(2,fen);
write_c887(4,shi);
write_c887(6,week);
write_c887(7,day);
write_c887(8,month);
write_c887(9,year);
break;
}
}
}
if(s1num!=0) //只有当s1按下后,才检测s2和s3
{
if(s2==0)
{
delay(1);
if(s2==0)
{
while(!s2);
di();
switch(s1num)
{
case 1: miao++;
if(miao==60)
miao=0;
write_hms(10,miao);
write_cmd(0x80+0x40+10);
break;
case 2: fen++;
if(fen==60)
fen=0;
write_hms(7,fen);
write_cmd(0x80+0x40+7);
break;
case 3: shi++;
if(shi==24)
shi=0;
write_hms(4,shi);
write_cmd(0x80+0x40+4);
break;
case 4: week++;
if(week==12)
week=1;
write_week(week);
write_cmd(0x80+12);
break;
case 5: day++;
if(day==32)
day=1;
write_ymd(9,day);
write_cmd(0x80+9);
break;
case 6: month++;
if(month==12)
month=1;
write_ymd(6,month);
write_cmd(0x80+6);
break;
case 7: year++;
if(year==100)
year=0;
write_ymd(3,year);
write_cmd(0x80+3);
break;
}
}
}
if(s3==0)
{
delay(1);
if(s3==0)
{
while(!s3);
di();
switch(s1num)
{
case 1: miao--;
if(miao==-1)
miao=59;
write_hms(10,miao);
write_cmd(0x80+0x40+10);
break;
case 2: fen--;
if(fen==-1)
fen=59;
write_hms(7,fen);
write_cmd(0x80+0x40+7);
break;
case 3: shi--;
if(shi==-1)
shi=23;
write_hms(4,shi);
write_cmd(0x80+0x40+4);
break;
case 4: week--;
if(week==0)
week=7;
write_week(week);
write_cmd(0x80+12);
break;
case 5: day--;
if(day==0)
day=31;
write_ymd(9,day);
write_cmd(0x80+9);
break;
case 6: month--;
if(month==0)
month=12;
write_ymd(6,month);
write_cmd(0x80+6);
break;
case 7: year--;
if(year==-1)
year=99;
write_ymd(3,year);
write_cmd(0x80+3);
break;
}
}
}
}
if(s4==0)
{
delay(5);
if(s4==0)
{
flag1=~flag1;
while(!s4);
di();
if(flag1==0) //退出闹钟设置时保存数值
{
flag=0; //退出闹钟设置标志位
write_cmd(0x80+0x40);
write_dat('1');
write_dat('2');
write_cmd(0x0c);
write_c887(1,miao);
write_c887(3,fen);
write_c887(5,shi);
}
else
{
read_alarm();
miao=amiao;
fen=afen;
shi=ashi;
write_cmd(0x80+0x40);
write_dat('R');
write_dat('i');
write_cmd(0x80+0x40+3);
write_hms(4,ashi);
write_hms(7,afen);
write_hms(10,amiao);
}
}
}
}
void write_c887(uchar add, uchar dat) //单片机向DS12C887中写数据(用Intel总线)
{
dscs=0;
dsas=1;
dsds=1;
dsrw=1;
P0=add;
dsas=0;
dsrw=0;
P0=dat;
dsrw=1;
dsas=1;
dscs=1;
}
uchar read_c887(uchar add) //单片机从DS12C887读取数据
{
uchar ds_dat;
dsas=1;
dsds=1;
dsrw=1;
dscs=0;
P0=add;
dsas=0;
dsds=0;
P0=0xff; //很关键,不加表不走。
ds_dat=P0;
dsds=1;
dsas=1;
dscs=1;
return ds_dat;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------
void set_time() //首次上电DS12C887初始化
{
write_c887(0,0);
write_c887(1,0);
write_c887(2,0);
write_c887(3,0);
write_c887(4,0);
write_c887(5,0);
write_c887(6,0);
write_c887(7,0);
write_c887(8,0);
write_c887(9,0);
}
//------------------------------------------------*/
void read_alarm()
{
amiao=read_c887(1);
afen=read_c887(3);
ashi=read_c887(5);
}
void main() //主函数
{
init();
while(1)
{
keyscan();
if(flag_ri==1)
{
di();
delay(100);
di();
delay(500);
}
if(flag==0&&flag1==0)
{
keyscan();
year=read_c887(9);
month=read_c887(8);
day=read_c887(7);
week=read_c887(6);
shi=read_c887(4);
fen=read_c887(2);
miao=read_c887(0);
write_hms(10,miao);
write_hms(7,fen);
write_hms(4,shi);
write_week(week);
write_ymd(3,year);
write_ymd(6,month);
write_ymd(9,day);
}
}
}
void exter() interrupt 2
{
uchar c;
flag_ri=1;
c=read_c887(0x0c);
}
参考资料
1602液晶写操作时序
DS12C887规格书
AD0-AD7:
多路双向地址/数据总线。 地址显示在总线周期的第一部分,并通过AS的下降沿锁存到设备中。 写入数据由DS(摩托罗拉时序)的下降沿或R/W(英特尔时序)的上升沿锁存。 在读取周期中,设备在DS的后一部分输出数据(摩托罗拉时序中DS和R/W为高电平,英特尔时序中DS低电平和R/W高电平)。 读取周期被终止时总线返回到高阻抗状态,在摩托罗拉时序中将DS置为低电平,在英特尔时序中将DS置为高电平。
单片机向DS12C887中写数据(Intel时序)
写入数据由DS(摩托罗拉时序)的下降沿或R/W(英特尔时序)的上升沿锁存。
单片机从DS12C887中读数据(Intel时序)
在读取周期中,设备在DS的后一部分输出数据(英特尔时序中DS低电平和R/W高电平)。 读取周期被终止时总线返回到高阻抗状态,在英特尔时序中将DS置为高电平。