cento7安装mysql详细步骤

Step1. Mysql

1. 下载安装包

## URL：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
## 下载后文件为：mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2. 检测是否安装mariadb和mysql

rpm -qa | grep mariadb
rpm -qa | grep mysql
## 如果有卸载
yum remove mariadb-xxx

3. 解压文件，修改目录名方便配置

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/mysql
cd /opt/mysql
mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  mysql-5.7.28

4. 在/usr/local/目录下创建到/opt/mysql-5.7.28的软链接

cd /usr/local
ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.28 mysql

5. 添加mysql用户，修改mysql目录权限，并用此用户执行应用

useradd -s /bin/false -M mysql
cd /opt/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.7.28

6. 在/etc/下创建my.cnf配置文件

[mysqld]
# binlog 配置
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql-bin.log
expire-logs-days=14
max-binlog-size=500M
server-id=1
# GENERAL
basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.28
## 数据存放路径
datadir=/data/appdata/mysqldata  
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
character-set-server=utf8
lower_case_table_names = 1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
[client]
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

7. 创建文件

## 在/usr/local/mysql/创建logs文件
cd /usr/local/mysql/
mkdir logs
chown -R mysql:mysql logs

cd /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.28
touch mysql-error.log
chown mysql:mysql mysql-error.log

8. 安装mysql

cd /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.28
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/appdata/mysqldata

## 如果出现错误

yum -y install autoconf

9. 保存密码

10. 拷贝启动程序，将mysql的启动程序拷贝到/etc/init.d/目录下

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

11. 启动mysql服务

service mysqld start

12. 配置环境变量

vim /etc/profile

最后一行追加
#mysql
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin

source /etc/profile

13. 开机自启

vi /etc/rc.local

## 追加一行
systemctl start mysqld.service