bingo小游戏（圈圈叉叉小游戏）python

这个游戏原本是学习的这本书上的小游戏，但是文章最后留了一个地址，然后我点进去了，然后就看到了这个小游戏

觉得很有趣，一下子没看懂，所以就把它注释了一番，帮助自己理解

原文源码地址（需要翻墙）

# Tic Tac Toe

import random


# 打印方法
def drawBoard(board):
    # This function prints out the board that it was passed.
    # "board" is a list of 10 strings representing the board (ignore index 0)
    print('   |   |')
    print(' ' + board[7] + ' | ' + board[8] + ' | ' + board[9])
    print('   |   |')
    print('-----------')
    print('   |   |')
    print(' ' + board[4] + ' | ' + board[5] + ' | ' + board[6])
    print('   |   |')
    print('-----------')
    print('   |   |')
    print(' ' + board[1] + ' | ' + board[2] + ' | ' + board[3])
    print('   |   |')


def inputPlayerLetter():
    # Lets the player type which letter they want to be.
    # Returns a list with the player’s letter as the first item, and the computer's letter as the second.
    letter = ''
    while not (letter == 'X' or letter == 'O'):
        print('Do you want to be X or O?')
        letter = input().upper()

    # the first element in the list is the player’s letter, the second is the computer's letter.
    if letter == 'X':
        return ['X', 'O']
    else:
        return ['O', 'X']


def whoGoesFirst():
    # Randomly choose the player who goes first.
    if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
        return 'computer'
    else:
        return 'player'


def playAgain():
    # This function returns True if the player wants to play again, otherwise it returns False.
    print('Do you want to play again? (yes or no)')
    return input().lower().startswith('y')


# 下子
def makeMove(board, letter, move):
    board[move] = letter


# 判断游戏是否结束
def isWinner(bo, le):
    # Given a board and a player’s letter, this function returns True if that player has won.
    # We use bo instead of board and le instead of letter so we don’t have to type as much.
    return ((bo[7] == le and bo[8] == le and bo[9] == le) or  # across the top
            (bo[4] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[6] == le) or  # across the middle
            (bo[1] == le and bo[2] == le and bo[3] == le) or  # across the bottom
            (bo[7] == le and bo[4] == le and bo[1] == le) or  # down the left side
            (bo[8] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[2] == le) or  # down the middle
            (bo[9] == le and bo[6] == le and bo[3] == le) or  # down the right side
            (bo[7] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[3] == le) or  # diagonal
            (bo[9] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[1] == le))  # diagonal


def getBoardCopy(board):
    # Make a duplicate of the board list and return it the duplicate.
    dupeBoard = []

    for i in board:
        dupeBoard.append(i)

    return dupeBoard


# 验证输入的list值是否为空
def isSpaceFree(board, move):
    # Return true if the passed move is free on the passed board.
    return board[move] == ' '


# 返回下子位置
def getPlayerMove(board):
    # Let the player type in their move.
    move = ' '
    while move not in '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9'.split() or not isSpaceFree(board, int(move)):
        print('What is your next move? (1-9)')
        move = input()
    return int(move)


# 从这些列表里面随机下
def chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, movesList):
    # Returns a valid move from the passed list on the passed board.
    # Returns None if there is no valid move.
    possibleMoves = []
    # 获取空子位置list
    for i in movesList:
        if isSpaceFree(board, i):
            possibleMoves.append(i)
            # list不为空，随机选一个
    if len(possibleMoves) != 0:
        return random.choice(possibleMoves)
    else:
        return None


# 电脑获取下子位置
def getComputerMove(board, computerLetter):
    # Given a board and the computer's letter, determine where to move and return that move.
    if computerLetter == 'X':
        playerLetter = 'O'
    else:
        playerLetter = 'X'
    # 这个是机器下子的算法
    # Here is our algorithm for our Tic Tac Toe AI:
    # 首先检测我们下一步是否能赢
    # First, check if we can win in the next move
    for i in range(1, 10):
        # copy一份目前的下子画板
        copy = getBoardCopy(board)
        # 如果备份的画板中内容不为空
        if isSpaceFree(copy, i):
            # 下子
            makeMove(copy, computerLetter, i)
            # 如果下这个位置赢就将这个位置返回
            if isWinner(copy, computerLetter):
                return i
                # 检测对手下一步是否会赢，会赢的话就堵它
    # Check if the player could win on their next move, and block them.
    for i in range(1, 10):
        copy = getBoardCopy(board)
        if isSpaceFree(copy, i):
            makeMove(copy, playerLetter, i)
            if isWinner(copy, playerLetter):
                return i

                # 优先下这些位置（优先占据角落）
    # Try to take one of the corners, if they are free.
    move = chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, [1, 3, 7, 9])
    if move != None:
        return move

    # 夺取中心点
    # Try to take the center, if it is free.
    if isSpaceFree(board, 5):
        return 5

    # 在最后的列表中下子
    # Move on one of the sides.
    return chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, [2, 4, 6, 8])


def isBoardFull(board):
    # Return True if every space on the board has been taken. Otherwise return False.
    for i in range(1, 10):
        if isSpaceFree(board, i):
            return False
    return True


print('Welcome to Tic Tac Toe!')

# 死循环，没有
while True:
    # Reset the board
    # 重置输出板
    theBoard = [' '] * 10
    # 选棋子
    playerLetter, computerLetter = inputPlayerLetter()
    # 随机产生谁先下
    turn = whoGoesFirst()
    # 打印是谁先下
    print('The ' + turn + ' will go first.')
    # 游戏开始
    gameIsPlaying = True
    while gameIsPlaying:
        # 人先下
        if turn == 'player':
            # Player’s turn.
            # 打印画板
            drawBoard(theBoard)
            # 获取下子位置
            move = getPlayerMove(theBoard)
            # 下子
            makeMove(theBoard, playerLetter, move)
            # 判断游戏是否结束
            if isWinner(theBoard, playerLetter):
                drawBoard(theBoard)
                print('Hooray! You have won the game!')
                # 结束游戏
                gameIsPlaying = False
            else:
                # 验证画板是否画满
                if isBoardFull(theBoard):
                    drawBoard(theBoard)
                    print('The game is a tie!')
                    break
                else:
                    turn = 'computer'

        else:
            # Computer’s turn.
            # 机器获取下子位置
            move = getComputerMove(theBoard, computerLetter)
            makeMove(theBoard, computerLetter, move)

            if isWinner(theBoard, computerLetter):
                drawBoard(theBoard)
                print('The computer has beaten you! You lose.')
                gameIsPlaying = False
            else:
                if isBoardFull(theBoard):
                    drawBoard(theBoard)
                    print('The game is a tie!')
                    break
                else:
                    turn = 'player'
    # 如果不想玩了就跳出循环
    if not playAgain():
        break