让我自己计算e

我先声明 我自己写了程序但是结果越界了，我不懂为什么

题目是这样的：

Problem Description

A simple mathematical formula for e is



where n is allowed to go to infinity. This can actually yield very accurate approximations of e using relatively small values of n.

 

Output

Output the approximations of e generated by the above formula for the values of n from 0 to 9. The beginning of your output should appear similar to that shown below.

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   n e
- -----------
0 1
1 2
2 2.5
3 2.666666667
4 2.708333333
  
  

我运行的结果是这样的：

n e
---------
0 1
1 2
2 2.5
3 1.#INF00000
4 1.#INF00000
5 1.#INF00000
6 1.#INF00000
7 1.#INF00000
8 1.#INF00000
9 1.#INF00000


--------------------------------
Process exited after 0.4573 seconds with return value 0
请按任意键继续. . .

我知道这是越界问题，我查了资料，大佬们给的程序是这样的：

#include<stdio.h>  
int f(int j)  
{  
    int i,sum=1;  
  
    for(i=1;i<=j;i++)  
    sum*=i;  
    return sum;  
}    
int main()  
{  
    int n,i,j;  
    double num=2.5;  
  double  e;  
    printf("n e\n");  
    printf("- -----------\n");  
    printf("0 1\n1 2\n2 2.5\n");  
    for(i=3;i<=9;i++)  
    {  
    num+= 1.0*1/f(i);
  //e= 1.0*1/f(i);  
      //num+=e;  
    printf("%d %.9lf\n",i,num);  
  }  
    return 0;  
} 

？为什么单独写一个函数f（i）就不会越界呢？

求解