王爽汇编实验14解答

这道题本来不难，但是emu8086并不能正确的显示时间，也不能正确的运行键盘中断，我分析是因为emu8086并没有仿真实模式下

的DOS的缘故。所以去网上下载了DOSBOX解决了这个问题。DOSBOX可以 很好的运行以上的两个程序。而且速度也快了很多。

这道题我写了一个CMOS_READ函数来读取CMOS的一个字节，打印函数就用课程设计1用过的show_str 搞定。代码如下：

assume cs:code       

stack segment
    db   128  dup(0)
stack ends           

code segment
cmos_addr: db 9,8,7,4,2,0 
str: db 'yy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss',0

start:
; set segment registers:                                           
    mov ax,stack
    mov ss,ax
    mov sp,128      
    
    mov ax,cs
    mov ds,ax
	
	;cmos addr-->[ds:di] str-->ds[si]  	
	
	mov cx,6
	mov di,offset cmos_addr
	mov si,offset str
	
L32:
	mov ah,0
	mov al,[di]
	call cmos_read
	mov [si],ah
	mov [si+1],al
	inc di
	add si,3
	loop L32
	
	;print str
	mov dh,12
	mov dl,36
	mov bl,7
	mov si,offset str    
	call show_str
     
    mov ax, 4c00h ; exit to operating system.
    int 21h     
  
  
delay:
    push ax
    push dx    
    
    mov dx,5h
    mov ax,0h
 
 L35:
    sub ax,1
    sbb dx,0
    cmp ax,0
    jne L35
    cmp dx,0
    jne L35    
    
    pop dx
    pop ax
    ret      
               
;show string
;dh:line(0-24) dl:column(0,79),bl:color  ds:si string start addr
;es:bx->0b800:offset   

show_str:     
    ;save registers      
    push si
    push cx
    push ax
    push es             
    push bx
    push dx 
         
    push bx  ;save color        
  
    ;init es
    mov ax,0b800h
    mov es,ax
    ;calc display memory offset according to line and columm
    mov al,dh   
    mov cl,160
    mul cl; 160 bytes per line    
    mov dh,0
    add ax,dx  ;offset = 160*line + 2*column
    add ax,dx 
    mov bx,ax  
    
    pop ax          ;restore color
    mov ah,al           
l:  
    ;string end?
    mov cl,[si]   
    mov ch,0
    jcxz ok   
    ;begin write 
    mov al,cl
    mov es:[bx],al
    ;write color   
    mov es:[bx+1],ah            
    ;update indexs
    inc bx
    inc bx
    inc si  
    jmp short l  

ok:   
    ;recover registers  
    pop dx
    pop bx
    pop es
    pop ax        
    pop cx
    pop si   

    ret        	 

;addr-->al val-->ax
cmos_read:
	push cx
	out 70h,al
	in al,71h
	mov ah,al
	mov cl,4
	shr ah,cl
	and al,0fh
	;BCD --> ascii
	add ah,30h
	add al,30h
	pop cx
	ret	
             
code ends

end start ; set entry point and stop the assembler.