【实战】Redis分布式锁模拟秒杀系统

Redis分布式锁是什么？

• Redis分布式锁是一种控制分布式系统有序地去对公共资源进行操作，保证分布式环境下数据一致性的技术。

为什么要使用Redis分布式锁？

1. redis除了可以用来做分布式锁，还可用来做缓存
2. redis是纯内存操作【速度快】，单线程操作【避免频繁的上下文操作】，坑容易查到【用的人多】
3. synchronized、ReenTrantLock等在分布式系统上没用了

使用Redis分布式模拟商品超卖

配置开发环境

1. 首先创建一个springboot项目，然后pom.xml依赖目录如下

		<dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
       </dependency>

       <dependency>
           <groupId>mysql</groupId>
           <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
           <version>5.1.27</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
           <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>

       <!--  引入redis  -->
       <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/redis.clients/jedis -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
           <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
           <version>3.3.0</version>
       </dependency>

       <!--引入log4j日志-->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>log4j</groupId>
           <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
           <version>1.2.17</version>
       </dependency>

       <!-- 引入jdbc -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
       </dependency>

       <!-- 引入redisson -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
           <artifactId>redisson</artifactId>
           <version>3.13.3</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
       </dependency>

2. application.yml配置文件内容如下

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/aqs?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
server:
  port: 8080

3. log4j.properties配置文件如下

#logger
log4j.rootLogger=debug,appender1
log4j.appender.appender1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.appender1.layout=org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout

实战分布式锁

• 业务层TradeService.java

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.api.RLock;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Service
public class TradeService {

    Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TradeService.class);
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private Redisson redisson;

    public String decStockWithLock(){
        String lockKey = "lockKey+id";
        //redisson自带解决分布式场景下的锁
        RLock redissonLock = redisson.getLock(lockKey);
        try{
            //redisson底层使用Lua脚本保证在其lock()与unlock()方法之间的代码的原子性
            redissonLock.lock();
            Integer stock;

            List<Map<String,Object>> result = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("select stock from shop_order WHERE id=10");
            if(result==null ||
                    (stock=(Integer)result.get(0).get("stock"))<=0){
                logger.info("下单失败，已经没有库存了");
                return "下单失败，已经没有库存了";
            }
            stock--;
            jdbcTemplate.update("update shop_order set stock=? where id=10",stock);
            logger.info("下单成功，当前剩余产品 ----> "+ stock);
            return "下单成功，当前剩余产品 ----> "+ stock;
        }finally {
            redissonLock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

• 控制层TradeController.java

import com.redis.distrib_lock.service.TradeService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class TradeController {
    @Autowired
    protected TradeService tradeService;
    @PostMapping("order")
    public String order(){
        return tradeService.decStockWithLock();
    }
}

• Redis配置类RedissonConfig.java

import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.config.Config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class RedissonConfig {
    @Bean
    public Redisson redisson(){
        //此为redis单机模式
        Config config = new Config();
        config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://localhost:6379").setDatabase(0);
        return (Redisson) Redisson.create(config);
    }
}

JMeter工具模拟多用户测试

• 结果图
  

总结

• redis分布式锁在高并发条件能保证分布式环境下的数据一致性。

项目结构图