java获取mysql数据库表、字段、字段类型、字段注释

package com.lnjecit.generator.util;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class DatabaseUtil {
    private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DatabaseUtil.class);

private static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaweb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8";
private static final String USERNAME = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "mysql";

private static final String SQL = "SELECT * FROM ";// 数据库操作

static {
    try {
        Class.forName(DRIVER);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        LOGGER.error("can not load jdbc driver", e);
    }
}

/**
 * 获取数据库连接
 *
 * @return
 */
public static Connection getConnection() {
    Connection conn = null;
    try {
        conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        LOGGER.error("get connection failure", e);
    }
    return conn;
}

/**
 * 关闭数据库连接
 * @param conn
 */
public static void closeConnection(Connection conn) {
    if(conn != null) {
        try {
            conn.close();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            LOGGER.error("close connection failure", e);
        }
    }
}

/**
 * 获取数据库下的所有表名
 */
public static List<String> getTableNames() {
    List<String> tableNames = new ArrayList<>();
    Connection conn = getConnection();
    ResultSet rs = null;
    try {
        //获取数据库的元数据
        DatabaseMetaData db = conn.getMetaData();
        //从元数据中获取到所有的表名
        rs = db.getTables(null, null, null, new String[] { "TABLE" });
        while(rs.next()) {
            tableNames.add(rs.getString(3));
        }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        LOGGER.error("getTableNames failure", e);
    } finally {
        try {
            rs.close();
            closeConnection(conn);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            LOGGER.error("close ResultSet failure", e);
        }
    }
    return tableNames;
}

/**
 * 获取表中所有字段名称
 * @param tableName 表名
 * @return
 */
public static List<String> getColumnNames(String tableName) {
    List<String> columnNames = new ArrayList<>();
    //与数据库的连接
    Connection conn = getConnection();
    PreparedStatement pStemt = null;
    String tableSql = SQL + tableName;
    try {
        pStemt = conn.prepareStatement(tableSql);
        //结果集元数据
        ResultSetMetaData rsmd = pStemt.getMetaData();
        //表列数
        int size = rsmd.getColumnCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            columnNames.add(rsmd.getColumnName(i + 1));
        }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        LOGGER.error("getColumnNames failure", e);
    } finally {
        if (pStemt != null) {
            try {
                pStemt.close();
                closeConnection(conn);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                LOGGER.error("getColumnNames close pstem and connection failure", e);
            }
        }
    }
    return columnNames;
}

/**
 * 获取表中所有字段类型
 * @param tableName
 * @return
 */
public static List<String> getColumnTypes(String tableName) {
    List<String> columnTypes = new ArrayList<>();
    //与数据库的连接
    Connection conn = getConnection();
    PreparedStatement pStemt = null;
    String tableSql = SQL + tableName;
    try {
        pStemt = conn.prepareStatement(tableSql);
        //结果集元数据
        ResultSetMetaData rsmd = pStemt.getMetaData();
        //表列数
        int size = rsmd.getColumnCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            columnTypes.add(rsmd.getColumnTypeName(i + 1));
        }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        LOGGER.error("getColumnTypes failure", e);
    } finally {
        if (pStemt != null) {
            try {
                pStemt.close();
                closeConnection(conn);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                LOGGER.error("getColumnTypes close pstem and connection failure", e);
            }
        }
    }
    return columnTypes;
}

/**
 * 获取表中字段的所有注释
 * @param tableName
 * @return
 */
public static List<String> getColumnComments(String tableName) {
    List<String> columnTypes = new ArrayList<>();
    //与数据库的连接
    Connection conn = getConnection();
    PreparedStatement pStemt = null;
    String tableSql = SQL + tableName;
    List<String> columnComments = new ArrayList<>();//列名注释集合
    ResultSet rs = null;
    try {
        pStemt = conn.prepareStatement(tableSql);
        rs = pStemt.executeQuery("show full columns from " + tableName);
        while (rs.next()) {
            columnComments.add(rs.getString("Comment"));
        }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        if (rs != null) {
            try {
                rs.close();
                closeConnection(conn);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                LOGGER.error("getColumnComments close ResultSet and connection failure", e);
            }
        }
    }
    return columnComments;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
    List<String> tableNames = getTableNames();
    System.out.println("tableNames:" + tableNames);
    for (String tableName : tableNames) {
        System.out.println("ColumnNames:" + getColumnNames(tableName));
        System.out.println("ColumnTypes:" + getColumnTypes(tableName));
        System.out.println("ColumnComments:" + getColumnComments(tableName));
    }
}
}