Java实现数组底层

Java代码实现：

public class Array<E> {
    private E[] data;
    private int size;

    public Array(int capacity) {//构造函数，传入数组的容量capacity构造Array
        data = (E[])new Object[capacity];
        size = 0;
    }

    public Array() {//无参数的构造函数，默认数组的容量capacity=10
        this(10);
    }

    public int getSize() {//获取数组中的元素个数
        return size;
    }

    public int getCapacity() {//获取数组的容量
        return data.length;
    }

    public boolean isEmpty() {//返回数组是否为空
        return size == 0;
    }

    public void addLast(E e) {//向所有元素后添加一个新元素e
        add(size, e);
    }

    public void addFirst(E e) {//向所有元素头添加一个新元素e
        add(0, e);
    }

    public void add(int index, E e) {//在第index位置处插入一个新元素e
        if(index < 0 || index > size) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("AddLast failed. Require index >= 0 and index <= size");
        }
        if(size == data.length) {
            resize(2 * data.length);
        }
        for(int i = size -1; i >= index; i--) {
            data[i + 1] = data[i];
        }
        data[index] = e;
        size++;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
        res.append(String.format("Array: size = %d, capacity = %d\n", size, data.length));
        res.append('[');
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            res.append(data[i]);
            if(i != size - 1) {
                res.append(", ");
            }
        }
        res.append(']');
        return res.toString();
    }

    public E get(int index) {//获取index索引位置的元素
        if(index < 0 || index >= size) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Get failed. Index is illegal.");
        }
        return data[index];
    }

    void set(int index, E e) {//修改index索引位置的元素
        if(index < 0 || index >= size) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Set failed. Index is illegal.");
        }
        data[index] = e;
    }

    public boolean contains(E e) {//查找数组中是否有元素e
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            if(data[i] == e) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    public int find(E e) {//查找数组中元素e所在的索引，如果不存在元素e，返回-1
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            if(data[i].equals(e)) {
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    public E remove(int index) {//从数组中删除index位置的元素，返回删除的元素
        if(index < 0 || index >= size) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Remove failed. Index is illegal.");
        }
        E ret = data[index];
        for(int i = index + 1; i < size; i++) {
            data[i - 1] = data[i];
        }
        size--;
        data[size] = null;//loitering objects != memory leak
        if(size == data.length / 4 && data.length / 2 != 0) {
            resize(data.length / 2);
        }
        return ret;
    }

    public E removeFirst() {
        return remove(0);
    }

    public E removeLast() {
        return remove(size - 1);
    }

    public void removeElement(E e) {//从数组中删除元素e
        int index = find(e);
        if(index != -1) {
            remove(index);
        }
    }

    private void resize(int newCapacity) {//动态数组
        E[] newData = (E[])new Object[newCapacity];
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            newData[i] = data[i];
        }
        data = newData;
    }


}