MyBatis一对一关联
创建数据库
写两个数据库,一个老师一个教室,使老师成为教室的外键。
create table classroom(
c_id int PRIMARY KEY auto_increment,
c_name varchar(20),
teacher_id int
);
CREATE table teacher(
t_id INT PRIMARY KEY auto_increment,
t_name VARCHAR(20)
);
ALTER TABLE classroom ADD CONSTRAINT fk_teacher_id FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id) REFERENCES teacher(t_id);
INSERT into teacher(t_name) values('易老师');
INSERT into teacher(t_name) VALUES('而老师');
INSERT into classroom(c_name,teacher_id) values('教室1',1);
INSERT into classroom(c_name,teacher_id) VALUES('教室2',2);
创建实体类
Classroom.java
package com.mb.one_one;
public class Classroom {
private int id;
private String name;
/**
* class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性,
* 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的
*/
private Teacher teacher;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Classroom{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", teacher=" + teacher +
'}';
}
}
Teacher.java
package com.mb.one_one;
public class Teacher {
private int id; // t_id===》id
private String name; // t_name===》name
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Teacher{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
创建classMapper.xml映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- mapper:根标签 namespace:命名空间 随便写,随便起名,保证命名空间唯一,建议写地址,包+文件名 -->
<!-- namespace命名空间,作用就是对sql进行分类化管理,理解sql隔离
注意:使用mapper代理方法开发,namespace有特殊重要的作用
-->
<mapper namespace="com.mb.one_one.classMapper">
<!-- 在映射文件中配置很多sql语句-->
<!-- 需求:通过id查询用户表的记录 -->
<!--通过select执行数据库查询
id:标识映射文件中的sql,
将sql语句封装到mappedStatement对象中,所以将id称为statement的id
parameterType:制定输入参数的类型,这里制定ing型
#{}表示一个占位符号
#{id}:其中的id表示接受输入的参数,参数名称就是id,如果输入参数就是简单类型,#{}中的参数名可以任意,可以value或其他名称
resultType:指定sql输入结果的所映射的Java对象,select指定resultType表示将单条记录映射成Java对象。
-->
<!-- 根据id查询我们数据库的信息,我们分三个,1是直接查询,但是因为实体类的属性名和数据库的字段名对应不上的原因,
因此无法查询出对应的记录,结果应该是null -->
<!-- 根据学生id信息查询学生信息(和负责老师) -->
<!-- 两种方法
1. 联表查询
嵌套结果:使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集,封装联表查询的数据(去除重复的数据)-->
<select id="getClassroom1" parameterType="int" resultMap="classroomResultMap" >
select * from classroom c,teacher t WHERE c.teacher_id=t_id AND c.c_id=#{id}
</select>
<!-- 使用resultMap映射实体类和字段名的关系-->
<resultMap id="classroomResultMap" type="com.mb.one_one.Classroom">
<id property="id" column="c_id" />
<result property="name" column="c_name" />
<association property="teacher" javaType="com.mb.one_one.Teacher">
<id property="id" column="t_id" />
<result property="name" column="t_name" />
</association>
</resultMap>
<!-- 2. 执行两次查询
嵌套查询:通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型-->
<select id="getClassroom2" parameterType="int" resultMap="classroomResultMap2" >
select * FROM classroom where c_id=#{id}
</select>
<!-- 使用resultMap映射实体类和字段之间的一一对应关系 -->
<resultMap type="com.mb.one_one.Classroom" id="classroomResultMap2">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" parameterType="int" resultType="com.mb.one_one.Teacher">
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>
注册classMapper.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 加载属性文件-->
<properties resource="db.properties">
<!-- properties中还可以配置一些属性名和属性值-->
<!-- <property name="jdbc.driver" value=""/>-->
</properties>
<!-- 别名定义-->
<typeAliases>
<!--针对单个别名定义
type:类型的路径
alias:别名
-->
<!-- <typeAlias type="com.mb.domain.User" alias="user" />-->
<!-- 批量定义别名-->
<!-- 指定报名,mybatis主动把扫描包中的类,自动定义别名,别名就是类型(首字母不分大小写)-->
<package name="com.mb.domain" />
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<!-- 配置数据库连接信息 -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<!-- 加载映射文件 -->
<mapper resource="com/mb/mapping/userMapper.xml" />
<!-- 注册UserMapper映射接口 -->
<mapper class="com.mb.mapping.UserMapperI" />
<!-- 注册result_Mapper.xml 文件 -->
<mapper resource="com/mb/result_class/result_Mapper.xml" />
<!-- 注册classMapper.xml文件-->
<mapper resource="com/mb/one_one/classMapper.xml" />
</mappers>
</configuration>
编写测试类Test_Classroom.java
package com.mb.one_one;
import com.mb.util.MyBatisUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
public class Test_Classroom {
/**一对一查询 方式一测试方法*/
public void testGetClassroom1(){
SqlSession sqlSession= MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true);
String statement = "com.mb.one_one.classMapper.getClassroom1";
Classroom classroom=sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1);
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(classroom);
}
/**一对一查询 方式二测试方法*/
public void testGetClassroom2(){
SqlSession sqlSession= MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true);
String statement = "com.mb.one_one.classMapper.getClassroom2";
Classroom classroom=sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1);
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(classroom);
}
public static void main(String[] args){
Test_Classroom test_classroom=new Test_Classroom();
test_classroom.testGetClassroom1();
test_classroom.testGetClassroom2();
}
}
运行结果:
MyBatis一对多关联
创建数据库
CREATE TABLE student(
s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
s_name VARCHAR(20),
classroom_id INT
);
insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生1',1);
insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生2',1);
insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生3',2);
insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生4',2);
insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生5',2);
insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生6',1);
将学生表和教室表连接起来,形成一个教室表,对应两个表的查询。
创建Student.java实体类
package com.mb.one_two;
import com.mb.one_one.Classroom;
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
修改Classroom类,添加一个List student属性,表示教室拥有学生
package com.mb.one_one;
import com.mb.one_two.Student;
import java.util.List;
public class Classroom {
private int id;
private String name;
/**
* class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性,
* 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个教室是由哪个老师负责的
*/
private Teacher teacher;
//使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生
private List<Student> student;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public List<Student> getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(List<Student> student) {
this.student = student;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Classroom{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", teacher=" + teacher +
", student=" + student +
'}';
}
}
修改classMapper.XML映射文件
把下面的代码添加到映射文件后面就可以
<!-- 一对多关联查询 -->
<!-- 根据教室id查询教室和学生 -->
<!-- 方式一: 嵌套结果: 使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集 -->
<select id="getClassroom3" parameterType="int" resultMap="classroomResultMap3" >
select * from classroom c,student s,teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=s.classroom_id and c.c_id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap id="classroomResultMap3" type="com.mb.one_one.Classroom" >
<id property="id" column="c_id" />
<result property="name" column="c_name" />
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="com.mb.one_one.Teacher" >
<id property="id" column="t_id" />
<result property="name" column="t_name" />
</association>
<!-- ofType指定students集合中的对象类型 -->
<collection property="student" ofType="com.mb.one_two.Student" javaType="List" >
<id property="id" column="s_id" />
<result property="name" column="s_name" />
</collection>
</resultMap>
MyBatis中使用collection标签来解决一对多的关联查询,ofType属性指定集合中元素的对象类型。
编写测试文件Test_One_Two.java
package com.mb.one_two;
import com.mb.one_one.Classroom;
import com.mb.util.MyBatisUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
public class Test_One_Two {
public void testGetClassroom3(){
SqlSession sqlSession= MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true);
String statement = "com.mb.one_one.classMapper.getClassroom3";
Classroom classroom=sqlSession.selectOne(statement,2);
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(classroom);
}
public static void main(String[] args){
Test_One_Two test_one_two=new Test_One_Two();
test_one_two.testGetClassroom3();
}
}
测试结果:
为了截图方便,toString方法中我加入了换行,以上的代码中我没有加入。
一对多关联查询还有一种方法,之后我会再加上。