使用LNMP架构部署动态网站环境

lnmp

***************mysql***************

1)解压安装mysql
tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.11.tar.gz

2)安装cmake(相当于configure),用来编译mysql
yum install -y cmake-2.8.12.2-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 同时解决依赖性

3)cd mysql-5.7.17/ (cmake相当于configure)
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

4)根据提示解决依赖性问题

报错

CMake Error at cmake/boost.cmake:81 (MESSAGE):
You can download it with -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=

This CMake script will look for boost in . If it is not there,
it will download and unpack it (in that directory) for you.

If you are inside a firewall, you may need to use an http proxy:

export http_proxy=http://example.com:80

解决##(重要一步)

缺少 -DWITH_BOOST= 参数 -DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_59_0/ (可Tab补齐)

后面编译会有一个warning:
CMake Warning at cmake/bison.cmake:20 (MESSAGE):
Bison executable not found in PATH
Call Stack (most recent call first):
sql/CMakeLists.txt:514 (INCLUDE)

解决

yum install -y bison
注意:每解决完一次错误,就应删除缓存 rm -fr CMakeCache.txt
5)make && make install (过程较长)

6)复制启动脚本到/etc/init.d/
[root@server5 support-files]# pwd
/root/mysql-5.7.17/support-files
[root@server5 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

7)将原来的/etc/my.cnf备份,重新拷贝安装包里的过去
[root@server5 etc]# cp my.cnf my.cnf.bak
[root@server5 support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

修改配置:
basedir = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data
socket = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock

8)添加用户和组:
groupadd -g 27 mysql
useradd -u 27 -g 27 mysql (id=27是因为rpm默认安装时mysql用户的id为27,并非强制)

chown mysql.mysql . -R (修改mysql目录的权限,使其对mysql用户可写)

9)将mysql命令添加到环境变量
vim ~/.bash_profile
添加:PATH= PATH: P A T H : HOME/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin
生效:source ~/.bash_profile

初始化mysql:
mysqld –user=mysql –initialize (以mysql用户身份初始化)
初始化会生成一个临时密码,用于登录mysql(要记住次密码)

10)为了安全,再将mysql目录的所有者改为root
chown root /usr/local/lnmp/mysql -R

11)启动mysql:/etc/init.d/mysqld start

12)进入mysql,执行:show databases; 会报错
需要执行:mysql_secure_installation,然后会提示是否启用密码检测插件,直接回车不启用,否则会要求密码有大小写和特殊字符等要求
剩余全部选 y

mysql安装配置完成

***************php***************

1)解压:tar jxf php-5.6.35.tar.bz2

2)进入解压后的目录,开始编译

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/lnmp/php/etc –with-openssl –with-snmp –with-gd –with-zlib –with-curl –with-libxml-dir –with-png-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-freetype-dir –with-gmp –with-gettext –with-pear –enable-mysqlnd –with-mysql=mysqlnd –with-mysqli=mysqlnd –with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd –enable-inline-optimization –enable-soap –enable-ftp –enable-sockets –enable-mbstring –enable-fpm –with-fpm-user=nginx –with-fpm-group=nginx –with-mcrypt –with-mhash

以上为php需要编译的模块

3)编译报错,逐步解决依赖性
yum install -y re2c-0.13.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm libmcrypt-2.5.8-9.el6.x86_64.rpm libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-9.el6.x86_64.rpm (系统镜像没有的3个包)

4)make && make install

5)编译时添加了–with-fpm-user=nginx –with-fpm-group=nginx 参数
所以添加 nginx 用户:
useradd nginx

6)拷贝更改配置文件
[root@server5 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
查看配置文件中以下几项是否开启:
user = nginx
group = nginx
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

7)拷贝更改php主配置文件
[root@server5 php-5.6.35]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/php.ini
修改时区:date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

8)拷贝php启动脚本至/etc/init.d/
[root@server5 fpm]# pwd
/root/php-5.6.35/sapi/fpm
[root@server5 fpm]# cp init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
添加执行权限:chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

9)启动php:/etc/init.d/php-fpm start

***************nginx***************

1)解压nginx:tar zxf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

2)进入nginx解压包:
vim src/core/nginx.h
修改:#define NGINX_VER “nginx/”(将此行末尾显示nginx版本号的配置删除)

vim auto/cc/gcc
修改:

debug

CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g” (将这2行注释调,关闭debug)

3)编译安装nginx:
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/nginx –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_stub_status_module –with-threads –with-file-aio –user=nginx –group=nginx

根据提示解决依赖性

4)make && make install

5)修改nginx配置文件,开启php模块

location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm; (添加php页面)
}

location ~ .php{  
            root           html;  
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;  
            fastcgi_index  index.php;  
            #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts
{              root           html;              fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;              fastcgi_index  index.php;              #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts
fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi.conf;
}

6)将nginx启动脚本链接到/usr/local/sbin/
ln -s /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

7)在nginx默认发布目录添加 index.php

8)启动nginx并访问:http://172.25.230.5/

nginx安装配置完成

***************Discuz论坛搭建***************

1)解压 Discuz_X3.2_SC_UTF8.zip到nginx发布目录hml下:
unzip Discuz_X3.2_SC_UTF8.zip -d /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/
[root@server4 software]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/
[root@server4 html]# ls
50x.html index.php readme upload utility(新生成的三个)

2)将解压后的upload目录改名为bbs,便于访问
mv upload bbs
[root@server4 html]# mv upload bbs
[root@server4 html]# ls
50x.html bbs index.php readme utility

3)浏览器访问:http://172.25.230.5/bbs

4)点击同意后会出现很多目录不存在和不可写的报错

解决

chmod 777 config/ -R

chmod 777 data/ -R

chmod 777 uc_server/ uc_client/ -R

给以上目录增加权限
[root@server4 bbs]# ll
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 5月 31 10:03 config
drwxrwxrwx 13 root root 4096 5月 31 10:03 data
drwxrwxrwx 6 root root 4096 5月 31 2016 uc_client
drwxrwxrwx 13 root root 4096 5月 31 2016 uc_server

5)填写数据库名(任意) 数据库用户名:root 数据库密码:redhat
管理员帐号:admin 密码:redhat

6)接下来会报数据库连接错误: No such file or directory

解决

编辑php主配置文件:vim / usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/php.ini
添加以下配置:以前为空
[Pdo_mysql]
; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache
; http://php.net/pdo_mysql.cache_size
pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000

; Default socket name for local MySQL connects. If empty, uses the built-in
; MySQL defaults.
; http://php.net/pdo_mysql.default-socket
pdo_mysql.default_socket=
添加:
pdo_mysql.default_socket= /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock
还要添加两行:
mysql.default_socket = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock
以上路径为mysql安装的目录,根据自己的路径填写

重新加载php
/etc/init.d/php-fpm reload

7)再次刷新页面,还是报错:Permission denied

解决

由于 nginx用户(程序) 对于 /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data 目录没有权限
[root@server4 mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/lnmp/mysql
[root@server4 mysql]# ll
drwxr-x— 5 mysql mysql 4096 5月 31 08:40 data

[root@server4 mysql]# id nginx
uid=500(nginx) gid=500(nginx) groups=500(nginx)

所以:chmod 755 data/

再次刷新,成功安装

8)点击页面中“管理中心”,会出现报错:Please delete install/index.php via FTP!

解决

[root@server5 bbs]# pwd
/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/bbs
[root@server5 bbs]# rm -fr index.php

再刷新页面,成功

***************php增加memcache模块***************

1)将php的bin目录路径增加到 ~/.bash_profile中,为了方便调用
PATH= PATH: P A T H : HOME/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/php/bin

2)memcache目录中本来没有configure文件
先执行命令:phpize
会生成configure文件

3)编译安装memcache
./configure
make && make install

4)修改php主配置文件,增加memcache模块

extension=memcache.so

5)重新加载php
/etc/init.d/php-fpm reload

6)php -m | grep memcache 可以查看是否加载成功

7)安装memcached
yum install -y memcached

8)查看那memcached的配置文件
[root@server5 sbin]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached
PORT=”11211”
USER=”memcached”
MAXCONN=”1024”
CACHESIZE=”64”
OPTIONS=”” (如果写为OPTIONS=”-l 127.0.0.1” 即为只监听本机的11211端口)

9)启动memcached
/ect/init.d/memcached start

10)telnet测试
telnet localhost 11211
stats(查看状态)
set name 0 0 6 (0编号 0缓存时间(此处0代表不限制时间) 6限制字符数)
westosawd
CLIENT_ERROR bad data chunk
ERROR
westos
STORED
get name
VALUE name 0 6

11)拷贝php页面到nginx默认发布目录
[root@server5 memcache-2.2.5]# cp memcache.php example.php /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/

修改内容
define(‘ADMIN_USERNAME’,’memcache’); // Admin Username(自定义)
define(‘ADMIN_PASSWORD’,’redhat’); // Admin Password(自定义)

$MEMCACHE_SERVERS[] = ‘172.25.230.5:11211’; // add more as an array

$MEMCACHE_SERVERS[] = ‘mymemcache-server2:11211’; // add more as an array

只留一个主机,memcache没有转发或负载均衡机制,只能一个一个添加(因为本实验只有一个主机,其实可以添加多个)

12)访问http://172.25.230.5/memcache.php
输入用户名密码,可以查看memcache命中率,使用http://172.25.230.5/example.php不停刷新来测试

13)在物理机上分别对两个页面进行压测
[root@localhost ~]# ab -c 10 -n 5000 http://172.25.230.5/index.php
[root@localhost ~]# ab -c 10 -n 5000 http://172.25.230.5/example.php

观察时间和命中率

14)给nginx添加memc和sr cache模块,让nginx直接访问memcache来提高速度
先关闭原来的nginx,因为下面安装的openresty-1.13.6.1.tar.gz也是nginx

源码编译安装openresty-1.13.6.1.tar.gz(不需要加参数,使用默认)
./configure
gmake && gmake install

拷贝之前example.php和index.php到默认发布目录准备测试
[root@server5 html]# cp /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/index.php .
[root@server5 html]# cp /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/example.php .

修改nginx配置文件:vim /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
添加:
upstream memcache {
server localhost:11211;
keepalive 512;
}

    location /memc {
        internal;
        memc_connect_timeout 100ms;
        memc_send_timeout 100ms;
        memc_read_timeout 100ms;
        set $memc_key $query_string;
        set $memc_exptime 300;
        memc_pass memcache;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        set $key $uri$args;
        srcache_fetch GET /memc $key;(这两个配置的作用是:请求php页面时,先会去memcache中找,如果没有,正常访问;
        srcache_store PUT /memc $key; 访问结束后将结果存到memcache,下次访问时直接从缓存中)
        root           html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi.conf;
    }

再次进行压测,速度会快很多

***************tomcat***************

1)安装jdk和tomcat
tar zxf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
tar zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.37.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

2)做好软连接便于访问
ln -s jdk1.7.0_79/ java
ln -s apache-tomcat-7.0.37/ tomcat

3)配置环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export CLASSPATH=.: JAVAHOME/lib: J A V A H O M E / l i b : JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH= PATH: P A T H : JAVA_HOME/bin

4)增加测试页面:vim /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.37/webapps/ROOT/test.jsp
<%@ page contentType=”text/html; charset=GBK” %>
<%@ page import=”java.util.*” %>
Cluster App Test

Server Info:
<%
out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + ” : ” + request.getLocalPort()+”
”);%>
<%
out.println(“
ID ” + session.getId()+”
”);
String dataName = request.getParameter(“dataName”);
if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) {
String dataValue = request.getParameter(“dataValue”);
session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);
}
out.print(“Session list“);
Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames();
while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
String name = (String)e.nextElement();
String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();
out.println( name + ” = ” + value+”
”);
System.out.println( name + ” = ” + value);
}
%>

name:
key:


5)在nginx配置文件中增加tomcat模块,为了实现session共享,需要支持sticky(粘滞)模块,nginx-1.14不支持sticky,所以使用nginx-1.10版本,重新编译nginx
添加–add-module=/root/nginx-sticky-module-ng 参数(提前解压nginx-sticky-module-ng.tar.gz),直接复制之前openresty里nginx配置文件,添加sticky选项,并
注释掉memcache和php选项

upstream memcache {

server localhost:11211;

keepalive 512;

}

location /memc {

internal;

memc_connect_timeout 100ms;

memc_send_timeout 100ms;

memc_read_timeout 100ms;

set memckey m e m c k e y query_string;

set $memc_exptime 300;

memc_pass memcache;

}

location ~ .jsp$ {
proxy_pass http://tomcat;
}

    location ~ \.php$ {
       # set $key $uri$args;
       # srcache_fetch GET /memc $key;
       # srcache_store PUT /memc $key;
        root           html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi.conf;
    }

再次刷新页面,访问的ID号不会变,实现了sticky

接下来实现session共享:

1)进入/usr/local/tomcat/lib目录
将以下jar包拷贝到该目录:
asm-3.2.jar
kryo-1.04.jar
kryo-serializers-0.10.jar
memcached-session-manager-1.6.3.jar
memcached-session-manager-tc7-1.6.3.jar(最重要)
minlog-1.2.jar
msm-kryo-serializer-1.6.3.jar
reflectasm-1.01.jar
spymemcached-2.7.3.jar

2)编辑/usr/local/tomcat/conf/context.xml文件,加入session共享配置

  • 0
    点赞
  • 2
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值