Json的解析

1.JSONObject + JSONArray解析json对象

不同于xml文件，JSONOobject和JSONArray解析的不是流而是字符串。所以需要先把流里面的内容拿出来转成字符串，然后才开始解析。

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        try {
            //不同于xml文件，JSONObject和JSONArray解析的不是流而是字符串
            //1.流转字符串
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"book.json");
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
            String str = null;
            while((str = reader.readLine()) != null){
                sb.append(str);
            }
            Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: " + sb);
            String json = new String(sb);

            //2.解析一个json对象
            /*JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(json);
            String author = jsonObject.getString("author");
            String name = jsonObject.getString("name");
            String price = jsonObject.getString("price");
            Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: " + author + "---" + name + "---" + price);*/

            //2.解析一个json数组
            JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(json);
            for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i ++){
                JSONObject jsonObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
                String author = jsonObject.getString("author");
                String name = jsonObject.getString("name");
                String price = jsonObject.getString("price");
                Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: " + author + "---" + name + "---" + price);
            }
            

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2.GSON解析json对象

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        try {
            //1.准备参数流
            File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "book.json");
            FileReader reader = new FileReader(file);

            //2.解析一条关于Book的json
            /*Gson gson = new Gson();
            Book book = gson.fromJson(reader, new TypeToken<Book>() {}.getType());//★

            String name = book.getName();
            String author = book.getAuthor();
            String price = book.getPrice();
            Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: " + name + "---" + author + "---" + price);*/

            //2.解析一条关于Book集合的json
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            ArrayList<Book> bookList = gson.fromJson(reader, new TypeToken<ArrayList<Book>>() {}.getType());//★
            for (Book book:bookList){
                String name = book.getName();
                String author = book.getAuthor();
                String price = book.getPrice();
                Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: " + name + "---" + author + "---" + price);
            }
            
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3.JSONObject和GSON的区别

JSONObject是把json作为了一个对象，按照字符串/字符串数组来解析。

GSON是把json的内容，比如这个内容就是关于一本书的属性，它把这个内容统筹成一个对象/对象集合来解析。