这篇文章主要讲述服务追踪组件zipkin,Spring Cloud Sleuth集成了zipkin组件。
一、简介
Spring Cloud Sleuth 主要功能就是在分布式系统中提供追踪解决方案,并且兼容支持了 zipkin,你只需要在pom文件中引入相应的依赖即可。
二、服务追踪分析
微服务架构上通过业务来划分服务的,通过REST调用,对外暴露的一个接口,可能需要很多个服务协同才能完成这个接口功能,如果链路上任何一个服务出现问题或者网络超时,都会形成导致接口调用失败。随着业务的不断扩张,服务之间互相调用会越来越复杂。
三、构建工程
基本知识讲解完毕,下面我们来实战,本文的案例主要有三个工程组成:一个server-zipkin,它的主要作用使用ZipkinServer 的功能,收集调用数据,并展示;一个service-hi,对外暴露hi接口;一个service-miya,对外暴露miya接口;这两个service可以相互调用;并且只有调用了,server-zipkin才会收集数据的,这就是为什么叫服务追踪了。
3.1 构建server-zipkin
在spring Cloud为F版本的时候,已经不需要自己构建Zipkin Server了,只需要下载jar即可,下载地址:
https://dl.bintray.com/openzipkin/maven/io/zipkin/java/zipkin-server/
也可以在这里下载:
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1w614Z8gJXHtqLUB6dKWOpQ 密码: 26pf
下载完成jar 包之后,需要运行jar,如下:
java -jar zipkin-server-2.10.1-exec.jar
访问浏览器localhost:9494
3.2 创建service-zipkin
在其pom引入起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-zipkin,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.gblfy</groupId>
<artifactId>sc-f-chapter9</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.gblfy</groupId>
<artifactId>service-zipkin</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>service-zipkin</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
在其配置文件application.yml指定zipkin server的地址,头通过配置“spring.zipkin.base-url”指定:
server:
port: 8988
spring:
application:
name: service-zipkin
zipkin:
base-url: http://localhost:9411/
sender:
type: web
sleuth:
sampler:
probability: 1
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
通过引入spring-cloud-starter-zipkin依赖和设置spring.zipkin.base-url就可以了
启动类作以下修改:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ServiceZipkinApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServiceZipkinApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
@Bean
public Sampler defaultSampler() {
return Sampler.ALWAYS_SAMPLE;
}
}
对外暴露接口:
@RestController
public class ClientController {
private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(ClientController.class.getName());
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/hi")
public String callHome(){
LOG.log(Level.INFO, "calling trace service-hi ");
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8989/miya", String.class);
}
@RequestMapping("/info")
public String info(){
LOG.log(Level.INFO, "calling trace service-hi ");
return "i'm service-hi";
}
}
33 创建service-miya
创建过程痛service-hi,引入相同的依赖,配置下spring.zipkin.base-url。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.gblfy</groupId>
<artifactId>sc-f-chapter9</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.gblfy</groupId>
<artifactId>service-miya</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>service-miya</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
server:
port: 8989
spring:
zipkin:
base-url: http://localhost:9411/
sender:
type: web
application:
name: service-miya
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
启动类作以下修改:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ServiceMiyaApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServiceMiyaApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
@Bean
public Sampler defaultSampler() {
return Sampler.ALWAYS_SAMPLE;
}
}
对外暴露接口:
@RestController
public class ClientController {
private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(ClientController.class.getName());
@RequestMapping("/hi")
public String home(){
LOG.log(Level.INFO, "hi is being called");
return "hi i'm miya!";
}
@RequestMapping("/miya")
public String info(){
LOG.log(Level.INFO, "info is being called");
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8988/info",String.class);
}
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
}
3.4 启动工程,演示追踪
依次启动上面的工程,打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:9411/,会出现以下界面:
略
访问:http://localhost:8989/miya,
浏览器出现:
i’m service-hi
再打开http://localhost:9411/的界面,点击Dependencies,可以发现服务的依赖关系:
点击find traces,可以看到具体服务相互调用的数据:
本文源码下载:
https://github.com/gb-heima/springcloud-practical-column/tree/master/sc-f-chapter9