VPP代码阅读中文注解---bitmap.h

/** \file
    Bitmaps built as vectors of machine words
*/

#include <vppinfra/vec.h>
#include <vppinfra/random.h>
#include <vppinfra/error.h>
#include <vppinfra/bitops.h>	/* for count_set_bits */

typedef uword clib_bitmap_t;

位图是基于动态数组来构建的。这里的位图容量可以简单认为是无限制的。

 

/** predicate function; is an entire bitmap empty?
    @param ai - pointer to a bitmap
    @returns 1 if the entire bitmap is zero, 0 otherwise
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_is_zero (uword * ai)
{
  uword i;
  for (i = 0; i < vec_len (ai); i++)
    if (ai[i] != 0)
      return 0;
  return 1;
}

主要判断位图的所有位是否都为0.  如果是，则返回1， 否则返回0.

 

/** predicate function; are two bitmaps equal?
    @param a - pointer to a bitmap
    @param b - pointer to a bitmap
    @returns 1 if the bitmaps are equal, 0 otherwise
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_is_equal (uword * a, uword * b)
{
  uword i;
  if (vec_len (a) != vec_len (b))
    return 0;
  for (i = 0; i < vec_len (a); i++)
    if (a[i] != b[i])
      return 0;
  return 1;
}

2个位图是否相等。如果相等，返回1. 否则返回0

 

/** Duplicate a bitmap
    @param v - pointer to a bitmap
    @returns a duplicate of the bitmap
*/
#define clib_bitmap_dup(v) vec_dup(v)

生成已有位图的副本。

 

/** Free a bitmap
    @param v - pointer to the bitmap to free
*/
#define clib_bitmap_free(v) vec_free(v)

释放位图内存空间

 

/** Number of bytes in a bitmap
    @param v - pointer to the bitmap
*/
#define clib_bitmap_bytes(v) vec_bytes(v)

计算位图所占用的字节数

 

/** Clear a bitmap
    @param v - pointer to the bitmap to clear
*/
#define clib_bitmap_zero(v) vec_zero(v)

清空位图，所有bit置0

 

/** Allocate a bitmap with the supplied number of bits
    @param [out] v - the resulting bitmap
    @param n_bits - the required number of bits
*/

#define clib_bitmap_alloc(v,n_bits) \
  v = vec_new (uword, ((n_bits) + BITS (uword) - 1) / BITS (uword))

申请位图的内存空间

 

#define clib_bitmap_vec_validate(v,i) vec_validate_aligned((v),(i),sizeof(uword))

/* Make sure that a bitmap is at least n_bits in size */
#define clib_bitmap_validate(v,n_bits) \
  clib_bitmap_vec_validate ((v), ((n_bits) - 1) / BITS (uword))

确保位图至少有n_bits位，即动态数组扩展到此位置。

 

/* low-level routine to remove trailing zeros from a bitmap */
always_inline uword *
_clib_bitmap_remove_trailing_zeros (uword * a)
{
  word i;
  if (a)
    {
      for (i = _vec_len (a) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
	if (a[i] != 0)
	  break;
      _vec_len (a) = i + 1;
    }
  return a;
}

去掉位图尾部的连续0bit。 借此减少动态数组大小。

/** Sets the ith bit of a bitmap to new_value.
    No sanity checking. Be careful.
    @param a - pointer to the bitmap
    @param i - the bit position to interrogate
    @param new_value - new value for the bit
    @returns the old value of the bit
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_set_no_check (uword * a, uword i, uword new_value)
{
  uword i0 = i / BITS (a[0]);
  uword i1 = i % BITS (a[0]);
  uword bit = (uword) 1 << i1;
  uword ai, old_value;

  /* Removed ASSERT since uword * a may not be a vector. */
  /* ASSERT (i0 < vec_len (a)); */

  ai = a[i0];
  old_value = (ai & bit) != 0;
  ai &= ~bit;
  ai |= ((uword) (new_value != 0)) << i1;
  a[i0] = ai;
  return old_value;
}

将位图的第i位设置成新值，并返回原来这一位的值。本函数此过程不检查i位置的合法性

 

/** Sets the ith bit of a bitmap to new_value
    Removes trailing zeros from the bitmap
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @param i - the bit position to interrogate
    @param value - new value for the bit
    @returns the old value of the bit
*/
always_inline uword *
clib_bitmap_set (uword * ai, uword i, uword value)
{
  uword i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);
  uword i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);
  uword a;

  /* Check for writing a zero to beyond end of bitmap. */
  if (value == 0 && i0 >= vec_len (ai))
    return ai;			/* Implied trailing zeros. */

  clib_bitmap_vec_validate (ai, i0);

  a = ai[i0];
  a &= ~((uword) 1 << i1);
  a |= ((uword) (value != 0)) << i1;
  ai[i0] = a;

  /* If bits have been cleared, test for zero. */
  if (a == 0)
    ai = _clib_bitmap_remove_trailing_zeros (ai);

  return ai;
}

本函数也是设置第 i  位的 值。但比上一个版本更健壮。

在当前位图范围之外设置0，相当于空操作

如果在当前位图范围之外设置1，则扩展动态数组之后，再设置1。

如果设置了一个0. 导致末尾的word被截短。

/** Gets the ith bit value from a bitmap
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @param i - the bit position to interrogate
    @returns the indicated bit value
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_get (uword * ai, uword i)
{
  uword i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);
  uword i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);
  return i0 < vec_len (ai) && 0 != ((ai[i0] >> i1) & 1);
}

获取第 i  位 位图的值。

 

/** Gets the ith bit value from a bitmap
    Does not sanity-check the bit position. Be careful.
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @param i - the bit position to interrogate
    @returns the indicated bit value, or garbage if the bit position is
    out of range.
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_get_no_check (uword * ai, uword i)
{
  uword i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);
  uword i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);
  return 0 != ((ai[i0] >> i1) & 1);
}

同上，没有判断i的合法性。

always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_get_multiple_no_check (uword * ai, uword i, uword n_bits)
{
  uword i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);
  uword i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);
  ASSERT (i1 + n_bits <= BITS (uword));
  return 0 != ((ai[i0] >> i1) & pow2_mask (n_bits));
}

读取位图中，处于同一个word的多个连续bit的值，这个版本假设了这多个连续bit在一个word中。

 

/** Gets the ith through ith + n_bits bit values from a bitmap
    @param bitmap - pointer to the bitmap
    @param i - the first bit position to retrieve
    @param n_bits - the number of bit positions to retrieve
    @returns the indicated range of bits
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_get_multiple (uword * bitmap, uword i, uword n_bits)
{
  uword i0, i1, result;
  uword l = vec_len (bitmap);

  ASSERT (n_bits <= BITS (result));

  i0 = i / BITS (bitmap[0]);
  i1 = i % BITS (bitmap[0]);

  /* Check first word. */
  result = 0;
  if (i0 < l)
    {
      result |= (bitmap[i0] >> i1);
      if (n_bits < BITS (bitmap[0]))
	result &= (((uword) 1 << n_bits) - 1);
    }

  /* Check for overlap into next word. */
  i0++;
  if (i1 + n_bits > BITS (bitmap[0]) && i0 < l)
    {
      n_bits -= BITS (bitmap[0]) - i1;
      result |=
	(bitmap[i0] & (((uword) 1 << n_bits) - 1)) << (BITS (bitmap[0]) - i1);
    }

  return result;
}

与上一个函数类似，从位图的第i位获取连续的n位的值，比上一个版本限制更少。n不能超过1个word那么长，所以最多是由相邻的2个word组成的值，不会存在3个word的内容来组成结果。

 

/** sets the ith through ith + n_bits bits in a bitmap
    @param bitmap - pointer to the bitmap
    @param i - the first bit position to retrieve
    @param value - the values to set
    @param n_bits - the number of bit positions to set
    @returns a pointer to the updated bitmap, which may expand and move
*/

always_inline uword *
clib_bitmap_set_multiple (uword * bitmap, uword i, uword value, uword n_bits)
{
  uword i0, i1, l, t, m;

  ASSERT (n_bits <= BITS (value));

  i0 = i / BITS (bitmap[0]);
  i1 = i % BITS (bitmap[0]);

  /* Allocate bitmap. */
  clib_bitmap_vec_validate (bitmap, (i + n_bits) / BITS (bitmap[0]));
  l = vec_len (bitmap);

  m = ~0;
  if (n_bits < BITS (value))
    m = (((uword) 1 << n_bits) - 1);
  value &= m;

  /* Insert into first word. */
  t = bitmap[i0];
  t &= ~(m << i1);
  t |= value << i1;
  bitmap[i0] = t;

  /* Insert into second word. */
  i0++;
  if (i1 + n_bits > BITS (bitmap[0]) && i0 < l)
    {
      t = BITS (bitmap[0]) - i1;
      value >>= t;
      n_bits -= t;
      t = bitmap[i0];
      m = ((uword) 1 << n_bits) - 1;
      t &= ~m;
      t |= value;
      bitmap[i0] = t;
    }

  return bitmap;
}

与上一个函数相反，设置连续的nbit到位图中，从第i位开始。 n_bits <= sizeof(uword)*8

 

always_inline uword *
clib_bitmap_set_region (uword * bitmap, uword i, uword value, uword n_bits)
{
  uword a0, a1, b0;
  uword i_end, mask;

  a0 = i / BITS (bitmap[0]);
  a1 = i % BITS (bitmap[0]);

  i_end = i + n_bits;
  b0 = i_end / BITS (bitmap[0]);

  clib_bitmap_vec_validate (bitmap, b0);

  /* First word. */
  mask = n_bits < BITS (bitmap[0]) ? pow2_mask (n_bits) : ~0;
  mask <<= a1;

  if (value)
    bitmap[a0] |= mask;
  else
    bitmap[a0] &= ~mask;

  for (a0++; a0 < b0; a0++)
    bitmap[a0] = value ? ~0 : 0;

  if (a0 == b0)
    {
      word n_bits_left = n_bits - (BITS (bitmap[0]) - a1);
      mask = pow2_mask (n_bits_left);
      if (value)
	bitmap[a0] |= mask;
      else
	bitmap[a0] &= ~mask;
    }

  return bitmap;
}

将位图中某连续的n_bits位设置成全0或者全1。n_bits可以超过sizeof(uword)*8

 

/** Macro to iterate across set bits in a bitmap

    @param i - the current set bit
    @param ai - the bitmap
    @param body - the expression to evaluate for each set bit
*/
#define clib_bitmap_foreach(i,ai,body)					\
do {									\
  uword __bitmap_i, __bitmap_ai, __bitmap_len, __bitmap_first_set;	\
  __bitmap_len = vec_len ((ai));					\
  for (__bitmap_i = 0; __bitmap_i < __bitmap_len; __bitmap_i++)		\
    {									\
      __bitmap_ai = (ai)[__bitmap_i];					\
      while (__bitmap_ai != 0)						\
	{								\
	  __bitmap_first_set = first_set (__bitmap_ai);			\
	  (i) = (__bitmap_i * BITS ((ai)[0])				\
		 + min_log2 (__bitmap_first_set));			\
	  do { body; } while (0);					\
	  __bitmap_ai ^= __bitmap_first_set;				\
	}								\
    }									\
} while (0)

遍历位图中每个置1的位，并执行用户指定的动作body。

 

/** Return the lowest numbered set bit in a bitmap
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @returns lowest numbered set bit, or ~0 if the entire bitmap is zero
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_first_set (uword * ai)
{
  uword i = 0;
#if uword_bits == 64
#if defined(CLIB_HAVE_VEC256)
  while (i + 7 < vec_len (ai))
    {
      u64x4 v;
      v = u64x4_load_unaligned (ai + i) | u64x4_load_unaligned (ai + i + 4);
      if (!u64x4_is_all_zero (v))
	break;
      i += 8;
    }
#elif defined(CLIB_HAVE_VEC128) && defined(CLIB_HAVE_VEC128_UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE)
  while (i + 3 < vec_len (ai))
    {
      u64x2 v;
      v = u64x2_load_unaligned (ai + i) | u64x2_load_unaligned (ai + i + 2);
      if (!u64x2_is_all_zero (v))
	break;
      i += 4;
    }
#endif
#endif
  for (; i < vec_len (ai); i++)
    {
      uword x = ai[i];
      if (x != 0)
	return i * BITS (ai[0]) + log2_first_set (x);
    }
  return ~0;
}

查找位图中第1个设置为1的bit的位置。

 

/** Return the higest numbered set bit in a bitmap
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @returns lowest numbered set bit, or ~0 if the entire bitmap is zero
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_last_set (uword * ai)
{
  uword i;

  for (i = vec_len (ai); i > 0; i--)
    {
      uword x = ai[i - 1];
      if (x != 0)
	{
	  uword first_bit;
	  first_bit = count_leading_zeros (x);
	  return (i) * BITS (ai[0]) - first_bit - 1;
	}
    }
  return ~0;
}

查找位图中最后一个设置为1的bit的位置。

 

/** Return the lowest numbered clear bit in a bitmap
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @returns lowest numbered clear bit
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_first_clear (uword * ai)
{
  uword i;
  for (i = 0; i < vec_len (ai); i++)
    {
      uword x = ~ai[i];
      if (x != 0)
	return i * BITS (ai[0]) + log2_first_set (x);
    }
  return i * BITS (ai[0]);
}

查找位图中第1个淸0的bit位置

 

/** Return the number of set bits in a bitmap
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @returns the number of set bits in the bitmap
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_count_set_bits (uword * ai)
{
  uword i;
  uword n_set = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < vec_len (ai); i++)
    n_set += count_set_bits (ai[i]);
  return n_set;
}

求位图中置1的bit的总个数

 

/** Logical operator across two bitmaps

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns ai = ai and bi. ai is modified, bi is not modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_and (uword * ai, uword * bi);

/** Logical operator across two bitmaps

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns ai = ai & ~bi. ai is modified, bi is not modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_andnot (uword * ai, uword * bi);

/** Logical operator across two bitmaps

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns ai = ai & ~bi. ai is modified, bi is not modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_or (uword * ai, uword * bi);
/** Logical operator across two bitmaps

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns ai = ai or bi. ai is modified, bi is not modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_or (uword * ai, uword * bi);

/** Logical operator across two bitmaps

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns ai = ai xor bi. ai is modified, bi is not modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_xor (uword * ai, uword * bi);

/* ALU function definition macro for functions taking two bitmaps. */
#define _(name, body, check_zero)				\
always_inline uword *						\
clib_bitmap_##name (uword * ai, uword * bi)			\
{								\
  uword i, a, b, bi_len, n_trailing_zeros;			\
								\
  n_trailing_zeros = 0;						\
  bi_len = vec_len (bi);					\
  if (bi_len > 0)						\
    clib_bitmap_vec_validate (ai, bi_len - 1);			\
  for (i = 0; i < vec_len (ai); i++)				\
    {								\
      a = ai[i];						\
      b = i < bi_len ? bi[i] : 0;				\
      do { body; } while (0);					\
      ai[i] = a;						\
      if (check_zero)						\
	n_trailing_zeros = a ? 0 : (n_trailing_zeros + 1);	\
    }								\
  if (check_zero)						\
    _vec_len (ai) -= n_trailing_zeros;				\
  return ai;							\
}

/* ALU functions: */
/* *INDENT-OFF* */
_(and, a = a & b, 1)
_(andnot, a = a & ~b, 1)
_(or, a = a | b, 0)
_(xor, a = a ^ b, 1)
/* *INDENT-ON* */
#undef _

2个位图之间的4种位运算的定义，实际上是分别对每一位做相应的运算。结果存储在第一个位图中。

 

/** Logical operator across two bitmaps which duplicates the first bitmap

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns aiDup = ai and bi. Neither ai nor bi are modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_dup_and (uword * ai, uword * bi);

/** Logical operator across two bitmaps which duplicates the first bitmap

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns aiDup = ai & ~bi. Neither ai nor bi are modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_dup_andnot (uword * ai, uword * bi);

/** Logical operator across two bitmaps which duplicates the first bitmap

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns aiDup = ai or bi. Neither ai nor bi are modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_dup_or (uword * ai, uword * bi);

/** Logical operator across two bitmaps which duplicates the first bitmap

    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param bi - pointer to the source bitmap
    @returns aiDup = ai xor bi. Neither ai nor bi are modified
*/
always_inline uword *clib_bitmap_dup_xor (uword * ai, uword * bi);

#define _(name)						\
  always_inline uword *					\
  clib_bitmap_dup_##name (uword * ai, uword * bi)	\
{ return clib_bitmap_##name (clib_bitmap_dup (ai), bi); }

/* *INDENT-OFF* */
_(and);
_(andnot);
_(or);
_(xor);
/* *INDENT-ON* */
#undef _

同上，但结果存在第一个位图的副本中

 

/* ALU function definition macro for functions taking one bitmap and an
 * immediate. */
#define _(name, body, check_zero)			\
always_inline uword *					\
clib_bitmap_##name (uword * ai, uword i)		\
{							\
  uword i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);				\
  uword i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);				\
  uword a, b;						\
  clib_bitmap_vec_validate (ai, i0);			\
  a = ai[i0];						\
  b = (uword) 1 << i1;					\
  do { body; } while (0);				\
  ai[i0] = a;						\
  if (check_zero && a == 0)				\
    ai = _clib_bitmap_remove_trailing_zeros (ai);	\
  return ai;						\
}

/* ALU functions immediate: */
/* *INDENT-OFF* */
_(andi, a = a & b, 1)
_(andnoti, a = a & ~b, 1)
_(ori, a = a | b, 0)
_(xori, a = a ^ b, 1)
/* *INDENT-ON* */
#undef _

位图和常量之间的位运算，结果存在位图中。这里的常量指的是第i位为1，其它位为0的位图。

 

/* ALU function definition macro for functions taking one bitmap and an
 * immediate. No tail trimming */
#define _(name, body)					\
always_inline uword *					\
clib_bitmap_##name##_notrim (uword * ai, uword i)	\
{							\
  uword i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);				\
  uword i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);				\
  uword a, b;						\
  clib_bitmap_vec_validate (ai, i0);			\
  a = ai[i0];						\
  b = (uword) 1 << i1;					\
  do { body; } while (0);				\
  ai[i0] = a;						\
  return ai;						\
}

/* ALU functions immediate: */
/* *INDENT-OFF* */
_(andi, a = a & b)
_(andnoti, a = a & ~b)
_(ori, a = a | b)
_(xori, a = a ^ b)
#undef _

同上，但这个版本不会截断尾部的0。

 

/** Return a random bitmap of the requested length
    @param ai - pointer to the destination bitmap
    @param n_bits - number of bits to allocate
    @param [in,out] seed - pointer to the random number seed
    @returns a reasonably random bitmap based. See random.h.
*/
always_inline uword *
clib_bitmap_random (uword * ai, uword n_bits, u32 * seed)
{
  vec_reset_length (ai);

  if (n_bits > 0)
    {
      uword i = n_bits - 1;
      uword i0, i1;
      uword log2_rand_max;

      log2_rand_max = min_log2 (random_u32_max ());

      i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);
      i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);

      clib_bitmap_vec_validate (ai, i0);
      for (i = 0; i <= i0; i++)
	{
	  uword n;
	  for (n = 0; n < BITS (ai[i]); n += log2_rand_max)
	    ai[i] |= random_u32 (seed) << n;
	}
      if (i1 + 1 < BITS (ai[0]))
	ai[i0] &= (((uword) 1 << (i1 + 1)) - 1);
    }
  return ai;
}

生成指定成都的随机位图

 

/** Return the next set bit in a bitmap starting at bit i
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @param i - first bit position to test
    @returns first set bit position at or after i,
    ~0 if no further set bits are found
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_next_set (uword * ai, uword i)
{
  uword i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);
  uword i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);
  uword t;

  if (i0 < vec_len (ai))
    {
      t = (ai[i0] >> i1) << i1;
      if (t)
	return log2_first_set (t) + i0 * BITS (ai[0]);

      for (i0++; i0 < vec_len (ai); i0++)
	{
	  t = ai[i0];
	  if (t)
	    return log2_first_set (t) + i0 * BITS (ai[0]);
	}
    }

  return ~0;
}

从指定的位置开始寻找下一个设置为1的位的位置

 

/** Return the next clear bit in a bitmap starting at bit i
    @param ai - pointer to the bitmap
    @param i - first bit position to test
    @returns first clear bit position at or after i
*/
always_inline uword
clib_bitmap_next_clear (uword * ai, uword i)
{
  uword i0 = i / BITS (ai[0]);
  uword i1 = i % BITS (ai[0]);
  uword t;

  if (i0 < vec_len (ai))
    {
      t = (~ai[i0] >> i1) << i1;
      if (t)
	return log2_first_set (t) + i0 * BITS (ai[0]);

      for (i0++; i0 < vec_len (ai); i0++)
	{
	  t = ~ai[i0];
	  if (t)
	    return log2_first_set (t) + i0 * BITS (ai[0]);
	}

      /* no clear bit left in bitmap, return bit just beyond bitmap */
      return (i0 + 1) * BITS (ai[0]);
    }
  return i;
}

从指定的位置开始，寻找下一个设置为0的bit的位置。

 

剩余3个unformat和format函数后面再详述