Grafana的部署及添加Prometheus数据源

Grafana部署

上一章节介绍了Prometheus的架构、特性及部署，在Prometheus官方文档里提到，可以通过浏览器，在Prometheus的graph页签中输入表达式，可以查看随时间变化的图形，主要用于查询相关的指标和调试。对于图形，推荐使用Grafana或者Console模板。

Prometheus部署

本章节介绍Grafana的部署

下载grafana安装包：
下载地址：https://grafana.com/grafana/download

安装：

[root@grafabaserver ~]# rpm -ivh grafana-enterprise-9.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm

warning: grafana-enterprise-9.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 2cf3c0c6: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
fontconfig is needed by grafana-enterprise-9.4.3-1.x86_64
urw-fonts is needed by grafana-enterprise-9.4.3-1.x86_64
安装过程中提示缺少相关的依赖，需要将Linux镜像挂载后，通过Yum进行安装：
Yum配置：
首先将/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo文件重命名为CentOS-Base.repo.bak

[root@grafabaserver ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
[root@grafabaserver ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo

然后修改CentOS-Media.repo文件如下：

[c7-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///mnt/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

配置完后，可用命令yum install 包名 进行安装

[root@grafabaserver ~]# yum -y install urw-fonts

再次安装：

[root@grafabaserver ~]# rpm -ivh grafana-enterprise-9.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm

warning: grafana-enterprise-9.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 2cf3c0c6: NOKEY
Preparing… ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing…
1:grafana-enterprise-9.4.3-1 ################################# [100%]
NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure grafana to start automatically using systemd
sudo /bin/systemctl daemon-reload
sudo /bin/systemctl enable grafana-server.service
You can start grafana-server by executing
sudo /bin/systemctl start grafana-server.service
POSTTRANS: Running script

提示grafana自动随机启动配置：

[root@grafabaserver ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@grafabaserver ~]# systemctl enable grafana-server.service

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/grafana-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service.

[root@grafabaserver ~]# systemctl start grafana-server.service

通过systemctl status grafana-server.service，查看服务器是否启动：

[root@grafabaserver ~]# systemctl status grafana-server.service

● grafana-server.service - Grafana instance
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2023-03-13 08:48:32 CST; 44s ago
Docs: http://docs.grafana.org
Main PID: 1728 (grafana)
CGroup: /system.slice/grafana-server.service
└─1728 /usr/share/grafana/bin/grafana server --config=/etc/grafana/grafana.ini --pidfile=/var/run/grafana/grafana-server.pid --packaging=rpm cfg:default.path…

Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=provisioning.alerting t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.90741202+08:00 level=info msg=“starting to provision alerting”
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=provisioning.alerting t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.907498699+08:00 level=info msg=“finished to provision alerting”
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=report t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.908149734+08:00 level=warn msg=“Scheduling and sending of reports disabled, S…o enable.”
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=ngalert.state.manager t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.908126467+08:00 level=info msg=“Warming state cache for startup”
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver systemd[1]: Started Grafana instance.
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=grafanaStorageLogger t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.910814669+08:00 level=info msg=“storage starting”
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=http.server t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.917111908+08:00 level=info msg=“HTTP Server Listen” address=[::]:3000 pr…l= socket=
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=ngalert.state.manager t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.927552084+08:00 level=info msg="State cache has been initializ…9.421295ms
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=ticker t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.927705936+08:00 level=info msg=starting first_tick=2023-03-13T08:48:40+08:00
Mar 13 08:48:32 grafabaserver grafana[1728]: logger=ngalert.multiorg.alertmanager t=2023-03-13T08:48:32.927745631+08:00 level=info msg=“starting MultiOrg Alertmanager”
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
查看端口：

[root@grafabaserver ~]#  ss -nlp|grep 3000

tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:3000 [::]😗 users:((“grafana”,pid=1728,fd=17))

开启防火墙：

[root@grafabaserver ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3000/tcp --permanent

success

[root@grafabaserver ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

success

[root@grafabaserver ~]# firewall-cmd --list-port

3000/tcp

通过浏览器访问：

http://172.12.9.69:3000/login

输入默认用户名和密码：admin
登录后需要修改密码，按照提示修改一个安全的密码。
登录后界面如下：

添加Prometheus数据源到Grafana
点击“DATA SOURCES”

在“Add data source”选择“Promethesu”

进入Prometheus的配置界面：

输入Prometheus的地址，注意要加上端口号。
然后进行保存

至此，Prometheus数据源添加到了Grafana.