安卓SD路径获取

安卓SD路径获取

今天把一张图片扔到SD卡里，然后去获取文件，就是拿不到。后来想了下，我把图片放到了我自己插入的拓展卡里，然后获取的路径是安卓自带的内存路径，所以读取的文件为空。然后我又把图片重新拷贝了一份到内存中，就OK了。
安卓现在倒是不鼓励在用拓展卡了，6.0当时的新特性中，也有一条就是外接拓展卡可以设置为内存使用。可现在我就想知道，不设置为内存，那路径怎么获取？？？

- 首先看一下获取内存路径的方法

**Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)**
通过这行代码来判断是否有挂在SD卡。

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>

String dir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
这样就可以获取到SD卡的根目录：/storage/emulated/0

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String dir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC).getAbsolutePath();
这样获取到SD卡的公有目录（具体传入类型，可查看源码）：
/storage/emulated/0/Music

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String dir = context.getExternalCacheDir().getAbsolutePath();
这样可以获取到应用的私有目录路径：
/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.xxx.xxx/cache

这就可以获取到SD卡的常用路径了，剩下的就是自行创建目录来存储文件。

- 获取拓展卡路径

获取拓展卡的路劲获取，我查看了许多博客，大部分都没有效果了（我测试用的手机系统为7.0）。最后找到一篇博客： [ Android6.0如何判断有无外置SD卡（TF卡），并读写 ]

下面我只贴出代码，具体的还请点击上面的博客超链。

public class StorageUtils {
    private static final String TAG = StorageUtils.class.getSimpleName();

    public static ArrayList<StorageBean> getStorageData(Context pContext) {
        final StorageManager storageManager = (StorageManager) pContext.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);
        try {
            //得到StorageManager中的getVolumeList()方法的对象
            final Method getVolumeList = storageManager.getClass().getMethod("getVolumeList");
            //---------------------------------------------------------------------

            //得到StorageVolume类的对象
            final Class<?> storageValumeClazz = Class.forName("android.os.storage.StorageVolume");
            //---------------------------------------------------------------------
            //获得StorageVolume中的一些方法
            final Method getPath = storageValumeClazz.getMethod("getPath");
            Method isRemovable = storageValumeClazz.getMethod("isRemovable");

            Method mGetState = null;
            //getState 方法是在4.4_r1之后的版本加的，之前版本（含4.4_r1）没有
            // （http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/4.4_r1/android/os/Environment.java/）
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                try {
                    mGetState = storageValumeClazz.getMethod("getState");
                } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            //---------------------------------------------------------------------

            //调用getVolumeList方法，参数为：“谁”中调用这个方法
            final Object invokeVolumeList = getVolumeList.invoke(storageManager);
            //---------------------------------------------------------------------
            final int length = Array.getLength(invokeVolumeList);
            ArrayList<StorageBean> list = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                final Object storageValume = Array.get(invokeVolumeList, i);//得到StorageVolume对象
                final String path = (String) getPath.invoke(storageValume);
                final boolean removable = (Boolean) isRemovable.invoke(storageValume);
                String state = null;
                if (mGetState != null) {
                    state = (String) mGetState.invoke(storageValume);
                } else {
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                        state = Environment.getStorageState(new File(path));
                    } else {
                        if (removable) {
                            state = EnvironmentCompat.getStorageState(new File(path));
                        } else {
                            //不能移除的存储介质，一直是mounted
                            state = Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED;
                        }
                        final File externalStorageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
                        Log.e(TAG, "externalStorageDirectory==" + externalStorageDirectory);
                    }
                }
                long totalSize = 0;
                long availaleSize = 0;
                if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
                    totalSize = StorageUtils.getTotalSize(path);
                    availaleSize = StorageUtils.getAvailableSize(path);
                }
                final String msg = "path==" + path
                        + " ,removable==" + removable
                        + ",state==" + state
                        + ",total size==" + totalSize + "(" + StorageUtils.fmtSpace(totalSize) + ")"
                        + ",availale size==" + availaleSize + "(" + StorageUtils.fmtSpace(availaleSize) + ")";
                Log.e(TAG, msg);
                StorageBean storageBean = new StorageBean();
                storageBean.setAvailableSize(availaleSize);
                storageBean.setTotalSize(totalSize);
                storageBean.setMounted(state);
                storageBean.setPath(path);
                storageBean.setRemovable(removable);
                list.add(storageBean);
            }
            return list;
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static long getTotalSize(String path) {
        try {
            final StatFs statFs = new StatFs(path);
            long blockSize = 0;
            long blockCountLong = 0;
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) {
                blockSize = statFs.getBlockSizeLong();
                blockCountLong = statFs.getBlockCountLong();
            } else {
                blockSize = statFs.getBlockSize();
                blockCountLong = statFs.getBlockCount();
            }
            return blockSize * blockCountLong;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return 0;
        }
    }

    public static long getAvailableSize(String path) {
        try {
            final StatFs statFs = new StatFs(path);
            long blockSize = 0;
            long availableBlocks = 0;
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) {
                blockSize = statFs.getBlockSizeLong();
                availableBlocks = statFs.getAvailableBlocksLong();
            } else {
                blockSize = statFs.getBlockSize();
                availableBlocks = statFs.getAvailableBlocks();
            }
            return availableBlocks * blockSize;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return 0;
        }
    }

    public static final long A_GB = 1073741824;
    public static final long A_MB = 1048576;
    public static final int A_KB = 1024;

    public static String fmtSpace(long space) {
        if (space <= 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        double gbValue = (double) space / A_GB;
        if (gbValue >= 1) {
            return String.format("%.2fGB", gbValue);
        } else {
            double mbValue = (double) space / A_MB;
            Log.e("GB", "gbvalue=" + mbValue);
            if (mbValue >= 1) {
                return String.format("%.2fMB", mbValue);
            } else {
                final double kbValue = space / A_KB;
                return String.format("%.2fKB", kbValue);
            }
        }
    }
}