x =
0.8147 0.0975 0.1576 0.1419 0.6557
0.9058 0.2785 0.9706 0.4218 0.0357
0.1270 0.5469 0.9572 0.9157 0.8491
0.9134 0.9575 0.4854 0.7922 0.9340
0.6324 0.9649 0.8003 0.9595 0.6787
>> y=rank(x)
y =
5
这当然用到rank命令啦
2矩阵的范数函数norm格式
n=norm(A) %求欧几里德范数,等于A的最大奇异值
n=norm(A,1) %求A的列范数,等于A的列向量的1-范数的最大值
n=norm(A,2) %求A的欧几里德范数,和norm(A)相同
n=norm(A,inf) %求行范数,等于A的行向量的1-范数的最大值
n=norm(A,'for') %求A的Frobenius范数
3矩阵函数和数组型函数的直观区别是矩阵只能由数组成,而数组中的元素可以是字符,另外,在MATLAB里面,矩阵之间的算数运算按照线性代数的规则进行,而数组之间的运算是数组对应元素间进行一一计算。
4
LU分解:一个上三角矩阵和一个变换形式的下三角矩阵
QR分解:一个正交矩阵和一个上三角矩阵
Cholesky分解:一个上三角矩阵和一个下三角矩阵
Schur分解:一个酉矩阵和一个上三角矩阵
Hessenberg分解:一个酉矩阵和一个第一子对角线下的元素均为0的矩阵
EVD分解:一个特征值对角阵和一个特征向量矩阵
SVD分解:两个酉矩阵和一个m*n维的对角矩阵
5
LU>> [L,U]=lu(x)
L =
0.8920 1.0000 0 0 0
0.9917 0.8870 0.9924 1.0000 0
0.1390 -0.5469 1.0000 0 0
1.0000 0 0 0 0
0.6923 -0.3991 0.4794 0.1476 1.0000
U =
0.9134 0.9575 0.4854 0.7922 0.9340
0 -0.7565 -0.2753 -0.5648 -0.1774
0 0 0.7391 0.4967 0.6223
0 0 0 -0.3559 -1.3507
0 0 0 0 -0.1376
>> [L,U,P]=lu(x)
L =
1.0000 0 0 0 0
0.8920 1.0000 0 0 0
0.1390 -0.5469 1.0000 0 0
0.9917 0.8870 0.9924 1.0000 0
0.6923 -0.3991 0.4794 0.1476 1.0000
U =
0.9134 0.9575 0.4854 0.7922 0.9340
0 -0.7565 -0.2753 -0.5648 -0.1774
0 0 0.7391 0.4967 0.6223
0 0 0 -0.3559 -1.3507
0 0 0 0 -0.1376
P =
0 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1
QR>> [Q,R]=qr(x)
Q =
-0.4927 -0.4806 0.1780 0.6566 0.2518
-0.5478 -0.3583 -0.5777 -0.4758 -0.1068
-0.0768 0.4754 -0.6343 0.5547 -0.2409
-0.5523 0.3391 0.4808 -0.0718 -0.5862
-0.3824 0.5473 0.0311 -0.1722 0.7236
R =
-1.6536 -1.1405 -1.2569 -1.1757 -1.1833
0 0.9661 0.6341 1.0098 0.7639
0 0 -0.8816 -0.3885 0.0277
0 0 0 0.1784 0.7007
0 0 0 0 -0.0996
>> [Q,R,E]=qr(x)
Q =
-0.0949 0.6438 -0.2657 0.6238 0.3417
-0.5843 0.1615 0.7591 0.1623 -0.1727
-0.5762 -0.5495 -0.4440 0.3783 -0.1604
-0.2922 0.5067 -0.3803 -0.4058 -0.5904
-0.4818 0.0273 -0.1067 -0.5260 0.6921
R =
-1.6611 -1.2513 -1.1723 -1.2318 -1.4814
0 1.0811 0.4530 0.3187 0.0838
0 0 -0.9517 -0.5244 -0.5277
0 0 0 -0.5832 -0.3228
0 0 0 0 0.0251
E =
0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0
Chol>> R=chol(x)
Error using chol
Matrix must be positive definite.
>> [R,p]=chol(x)
R =
0.9026 0.1081
0 0.5165
p =
3
Schur>> [U,R]=schur(x)
U =
-0.2283 -0.5702 0.7040 -0.1978 0.2966
-0.3243 0.1084 -0.2059 -0.9036 -0.1552
-0.5141 0.6565 0.4905 0.1818 -0.1766
-0.5300 -0.4812 -0.2312 0.2871 -0.5930
-0.5455 0.0232 -0.4099 0.1699 0.7107
R =
3.2037 0.3481 -0.4614 0.5794 -0.0157
0 0.5684 -0.2134 0.3302 -0.5672
0 0 -0.1026 0.3293 0.3920
0 0 -0.8815 -0.1026 0.0449
0 0 0 0 -0.0457
Hess>> [P,H]=hess(x)
P =
1.0000 0 0 0 0
0 -0.6295 0.5093 0.5812 0.0812
0 -0.0882 -0.7507 0.5991 -0.2640
0 -0.6347 -0.1218 -0.5001 -0.5763
0 -0.4394 -0.4027 -0.2305 0.7691
H =
0.8147 -0.4535 -0.3500 -0.0710 0.3889
-1.4390 2.1508 0.9310 -0.6781 0.2279
0 1.5895 0.5823 -0.1029 -0.1263
0 0 -0.6247 0.2359 -0.3788
0 0 0 0.1546 -0.2624
EVD>> [V,D]=eig(x)
V =
0.2283 + 0.0000i -0.5354 + 0.0000i 0.0179 + 0.1710i 0.0179 - 0.1710i -0.1383 + 0.0000i
0.3243 + 0.0000i 0.1499 + 0.0000i 0.7077 + 0.0000i 0.7077 + 0.0000i 0.4629 + 0.0000i
0.5141 + 0.0000i 0.7181 + 0.0000i -0.1450 + 0.3831i -0.1450 - 0.3831i 0.3106 + 0.0000i
0.5300 + 0.0000i -0.4077 + 0.0000i -0.3302 - 0.3239i -0.3302 + 0.3239i -0.7914 + 0.0000i
0.5455 + 0.0000i 0.0944 + 0.0000i -0.1645 - 0.2465i -0.1645 + 0.2465i 0.2091 + 0.0000i
D =
3.2037 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i
0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.5684 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i
0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i -0.1026 + 0.5388i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i
0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i -0.1026 - 0.5388i 0.0000 + 0.0000i
0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i -0.0457 + 0.0000i
SVD>> [U,S,V]=svd(x)
U =
-0.2475 -0.5600 0.4131 0.5759 0.3504
-0.3542 -0.5207 -0.7577 -0.0111 -0.1707
-0.4641 0.6013 -0.1679 0.6063 -0.1652
-0.5475 -0.1183 0.4755 -0.3314 -0.5919
-0.5460 0.1992 -0.0298 -0.4369 0.6859
S =
3.3129 0 0 0 0
0 0.9431 0 0 0
0 0 0.8358 0 0
0 0 0 0.4837 0
0 0 0 0 0.0198
V =
-0.4307 -0.8839 0.0530 -0.0884 0.1503
-0.4309 0.2207 0.1961 -0.7322 -0.4370
-0.4617 0.0890 -0.7467 0.3098 -0.3539
-0.4730 0.3701 -0.0798 -0.1023 0.7890
-0.4380 0.1585 0.6283 0.5913 -0.1968