Python 自定义类

Python定义类

car.py

#!/usr/local/bin/python3
"""Class Car and Class ElectricCar"""
class Car():
    """class Car includes 'Maker', 'Model', 'Year' and ‘Color’"""
    def __init__(self, Maker, Model, Year):
        self.Maker = Maker
        self.Model = Model
        self.Year = Year
    def SetColor(self, Color):
        self.Color = Color
    def GetLongName(self):
        return self.Maker + ' ' + self.Model + ' ' + str(self.Year)
    def GetInfo(self):
        return self.Maker, self.Model, self.Year, self.Color

class ElectricCar(Car):
    """class ElectricCar is based on class Car, with a new attribute 'Battery'"""
    def __init__(self, Maker = 'Tesla', Model = 'Model 3', Year = 2020):
        super().__init__(Maker, Model, Year)
        self.SetBattery()
    def SetBattery(self, Battery = 54.5):
        self.Battery = Battery
        self.SetRange()
        return self.Battery
    @property
    def GetRange(self):
        self.Range = int(self.Battery * 625 / 100)
        return self.Range


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # execute only if run as a script
    def main():
        mycar = Car('Audi', 'A6L', '2018')
        print()
        print(mycar.GetLongName())
        mycar.SetColor('Black')
        print(f'The color is %s.' % mycar.Color)
        print(mycar.__doc__)

        ecar = ElectricCar()
        ecar.SetBattery()
        print()
        print(ecar.GetLongName())
        print(f'The color is %s.' % mycar.Color)
        print(f'The battery is %.1f kwh. The range is %d km.' % (ecar.Battery, ecar.Range))
        # print(__file__)
        # print(ecar.__class__)
        # print(ecar.__module__)
        # print(__name__)
        # print(ecar.__doc__)
        # print(__doc__)
    main()

输出结果：

Audi A6L 2018
The color is Black.
class Car includes 'Maker', 'Model', 'Year' and ‘Color’

Tesla Model 3 2020
The color is Black.
The battery is 54.5 kwh. The range is 340 km.

car2.py

from car import Car, ElectricCar

if __name__ == "__main__":
    def main():
        mycar = Car('Audi', 'A8L', '2020')
        mycar.SetColor('White')
        print(mycar.GetInfo())

        # ecar = ElectricCar('Tesla', 'Model S', 2016)
        ecar = ElectricCar()
        ecar.SetColor('Red')
        ecar.SetBattery(100)
        print(ecar.GetLongName())
        print(ecar.GetInfo())
        print(ecar.Battery)
        print(ecar.Range)
    main()

 输出结果：

('Audi', 'A8L', '2020', 'White')
Tesla Model 3 2020
('Tesla', 'Model 3', 2020, 'Red')
100
625