JPA - 逆向生成数据表与映射关系配置

环境

SpringBoot + JPA + Mysql

JPA逆向生成数据表

• pom.xml

<!-- jpa -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

• 配置文件application.yml

spring:
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: update
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/cms?characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
    username: root
    password: sunday

• jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto属性值：

create：表示启动的时候先drop，再create
create-drop: 也表示创建，只不过再系统关闭前执行一下drop
update: 这个操作启动的时候会去检查schema是否一致，如果不一致会做scheme更新
validate: 启动时验证现有schema与你配置的hibernate是否一致，如果不一致就抛出异常，并不做更新

• 映射实体类

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "test1")
public class Test {

    @Id
    private long id;
    @Column(length = 16)
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private Integer age;
}

• 启动程序
• 运行结果
  

映射关系配置

单向一对多关系

• Banner.java

import lombok.Getter;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Getter
public class Banner {

    /**
     * @Id 主键
     * @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) 自增长
     */
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;

    @Column(length = 16)
    private String name;

    /**
     * 忽略序列化
     */
    @Transient
    private String description;

    private String img;
    private String title;

    /**
     * @OneToMany 指定一对多关系
     *      FetchType.LAZY：懒加载，加载一个实体时，定义懒加载的属性不会马上从数据库中加载
     *      FetchType.EAGER：急加载，加载一个实体时，定义急加载的属性会立即从数据库中加载
     * @JoinColumn(name = "bannerId") 指定外键
     */
    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinColumn(name = "bannerId")
    private List<BannerItem> items;
}

• BannerItem.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class BannerItem {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String img;
    private String keyword;
    private Short type;
    private String name;

    private Long bannerId;

}

双向一对多关系

1、在一方(关系的被维护端)打上@OneToMany，在多方(关系维护端)打上@ManyToOne
2、需要在多方(关系维护端)上指明关联的外键@JoinColumn
3、在一方(关系的被维护端)的@OneToMany增加一个参数mappedBy，值是多方(关系维护端)中的导航属性的名字

• Banner.java

@Entity
@Getter
public class Banner {

    /**
     * @Id 主键
     * @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) 自增长
     */
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;

    @Column(length = 16)
    private String name;

    /**
     * 忽略序列化
     */
    @Transient
    private String description;

    private String img;
    private String title;

    /**
     * @OneToMany 指定一对多关系
     *      关系被维护端
     *      FetchType.LAZY：懒加载，加载一个实体时，定义懒加载的属性不会马上从数据库中加载
     *      FetchType.EAGER：急加载，加载一个实体时，定义急加载的属性会立即从数据库中加载
     */
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "banner", fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private List<BannerItem> items;
}

• BannerItem.java

@Entity
public class BannerItem {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String img;
    private String keyword;
    private Short type;
    private String name;

    private Long bannerId;

    /**
     * 双向一对多
     * 关系维护端
     */
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(insertable = false, updatable = false, name="bannerId")
    private Banner banner;

}

单向多对多关系

• Theme.class

@Entity
public class Theme {

    @Id
    private Long id;
    private String title;
    private String name;

    /**
     * @ManyToMany 多对多关系
     * @JoinTable() 指定第三张表规范
     *      name = "theme_spu" 指定第三张表表名
     *      joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="theme_id") 指定外键
     *      inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="spu_id") 指定外键
     */
    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "theme_spu",
            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="theme_id"),
            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="spu_id"))
    private List<Spu> spuList;

}

• Spu.class

@Entity
public class Spu {

    @Id
    private Long id;
    private String title;
    private String subtitle;

}

双向多对多关系

• Theme.class

@Entity
public class Theme {

    @Id
    private Long id;
    private String title;
    private String name;

    /**
     * @ManyToMany 多对多关系
     * @JoinTable() 指定第三张表规范
     *      name = "theme_spu" 指定第三张表表名
     *      joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="theme_id") 指定外键
     *      inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="spu_id") 指定外键
     */
    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "theme_spu",
            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="theme_id"),
            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="spu_id"))
    private List<Spu> spuList;

}

• Spu.class

@Entity
public class Spu {

    @Id
    private Long id;
    private String title;
    private String subtitle;

    /**
     * @ManyToMany(mappedBy = “spuList”)声明关系的被维护端
     * 多对多关系被维护端
     */
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "spuList")
    private List<Theme> themeList;

}

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