Python - Excel 的读取与写入

前言

记录下最近使用Python操作Excel的方法

读取Excel实现列拼接写入数据

• 原数据

• 实现效果

• 安装pandas

pip install pandas

• excel_handle.py

# coding=utf-8
"""
拼接excel中的列写入新列
"""
import pandas as pd


def handle_excel(file):
    df = pd.read_excel(file)  # 读取excel
    print(df)
    col_names = df.columns.tolist()  # 列名
    print(col_names)

    # 拼接日期时间
    df['date_time'] = df.apply(lambda x: str(x[5])[:11] + str(x[6]), axis=1)
    print(df)

    # 修改列顺序
    date_time = df['date_time']
    df.drop(labels=['date_time'], axis=1, inplace=True)
    df.insert(7, '日期时间', date_time)

    print(df)

    # 计算总和
    df.insert(5, '总和', df[col_names[0]] + df[col_names[1]] + df[col_names[2]] + df[col_names[3]] + df[col_names[4]], True)
    print(df)

    # 写入数据
    df.to_excel(file, index=False)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    my_file = r'test.xls'
    handle_excel(my_file)

读取Excel中的数据写入新的Excel

• 读取第一行前五列写入新的Excel

• 写入效果

• 安装openpyxl

pip install openpyxl

• excel_splice.py

# coding=utf-8
"""
截取Excel数据从新写入
"""
import pandas as pd
from openpyxl.reader.excel import load_workbook
from openpyxl import Workbook


# 创建excel
def create_excel():
    wb = Workbook()
    wb.create_sheet('Sheet1',0)
    wb.save('test1.xlsx')


# 读取原数据
def read_create_data():
    return pd.read_excel('test.xls')


# 处理excel
def handle_excel():
    df = read_create_data()
    # print(df)
    data = df.iloc[:, 0:5]  # 取前5列

    # 取第一行数据写入
    insert_data(data[:1], 'test1.xlsx')


# 写入数据
def insert_data(data, file_name):
    wb = load_workbook(file_name)
    ws = wb["Sheet1"]
    print(ws)

    print(data)

    # 写入列名
    col_names = data.columns.tolist()
    for index in range(len(col_names)):
        print(col_names[index])
        ws.cell(row=1, column=index + 1, value=col_names[index])

    # 写入数据
    for index, row in data.iterrows():
        for column in range(len(row)):
            ws.cell(row=index + 2, column=column + 1, value=row[column])

    # 保存
    wb.save(file_name)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # create_excel()
    handle_excel()

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