下载文件
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.获取下载文件的路径下载文件的路径:D:\soft\apache-tomcat-9.0.41\webapps\ROOT\timg.jpg
//this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/timg.jpg")
String realPath = "E:\\springboot-kuoyhen\\fileuploadtest\\target\\classes\\大磊.jpg";
System.out.println("下载文件的路径:"+realPath);
//2.下载的文件的名是啥?
String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
//3.设置想办法让浏览器能够支持(Content-disposition)下载我们需要的东西,中文文件名URLEncoder.encode编码,否则有可能乱码
resp.setHeader("Content-disposition","attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
//4.获取下载文件的输入流
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
//5.创建缓冲区
int len=0;
byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
//6.获取OutputStream对象
ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
//7.将fileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区使用OutputStream将缓冲区的数据输出到客户端
while ((len=in.read(buffer))>0){
out.write(buffer,0,len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io/2.7
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload/1.3.3
前端页面代码
<%--${pageContext.request.contextPath}获取服务器路径--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
上传用户:<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
<p><input type="file" name="file1"/></p>
<p><input type="file" name="file1"/></p>
<p><input type="submit"> | <input type="reset"></p>
</form>
后台页面代码
package com.donghang.servlet;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//判断上传的文件是普通表单还是带文件的表单
if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
return;//终止方法运行,说明这是一个普通的表单,直接返回
}
//创建上传文件的保存路径,建议在WEB-INF路径下,安全,用户无法直接访问上传的文件;
String uploadPath=this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
File uploadFile = new File(uploadPath);
if(!uploadFile.exists()){
uploadFile.mkdir();//创建这个目录
}
//缓存
//临时目录,假如文件超过了预期的大小,我们就把他放到一个临时文件中,过几天自动删除,或者提醒用户转存为永久
String tmpPath=this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/tmp");
File file = new File(tmpPath);
if(!file.exists()){
file.mkdir();//创建这个临时目录
}
//处理上传的文件,一般都需要通过流来获取,我们可以使用request.getInputStream(),原生态的文件上传流获取,十分麻烦
//但是我们都建议使用Apache的文件上传组件来实现,common-fileupload,它需要依赖于common-io组件
try {
//1.创建DiskFileItemFactory对象,处理文件上传路径或者大小限制;
DiskFileItemFactory factory = getDiskFileItemFactory(file);
//2.获取ServletFileUpload
ServletFileUpload upload = getServletFileUpload(factory);
//3.处理上传的文件
String msg = uploadParseRequest(upload, req, uploadPath);
//servlet请求转发消息
req.setAttribute("msg",msg);
req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req,resp);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
public DiskFileItemFactory getDiskFileItemFactory(File file){
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
//通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区,当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候,将他放到临时文件中;
factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*1024);//缓冲区大小为1m
factory.setRepository(file);//临时目录的保存目录,需要一个File
return factory;
}
public ServletFileUpload getServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory){
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
//监听文件上传进度
upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
@Override
public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
System.out.println("总大小:"+pContentLength+"已上传:"+pBytesRead);
}
});
//处理乱码问题
upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
//设置单个文件的最大值
upload.setFileSizeMax(1024*1024*10);
//设置总共能够上传文件的大小
upload.setSizeMax(1024*1024*10);
return upload;
}
public String uploadParseRequest(ServletFileUpload upload,HttpServletRequest req,String uploadPath) throws Exception {
String msg="";
//把前端请求解析,封装成一个FileItem对象,需要从ServletFileUpload对象中获取
List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
//fileItem 每一个表单对象
for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
//判断上传的文件是普通表单还是带文件的表彰
if(fileItem.isFormField()){
//getFieldName指的是前端表单控件的name;
String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
String value = fileItem.getString("UTF-8");//处理乱码
System.out.println(name+":"+value);
}else{//文件
//==============处理文件====================//
String uploadFileName = fileItem.getName();
//可能存在文件名不合法的情况
if(uploadFileName.trim().equals("")||uploadFileName==null){
continue;
}
//获得上传的文件名 /images/girl/paojie.png
String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
//获得文件的后缀名
String fileExtName=uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf(".")+1);
/*
如果文件后缀名fileExtName 不是我们所需要的
就直接return,不处理,告诉用户文件类型不对、
*/
//可以使用UUID(唯一识别的通用码),保证文件名唯一;
//UUID.randomUUID(),随机生一个唯一识别的通用码;
String uuidPath= UUID.randomUUID().toString();
//======================处理文件完毕===================================//
//网络传输中的东西,都需要序列化
//POJO,实体类,如果想要在多个电脑上运行,传输====> 需要把对象都序列化了
//implements Serializable:标记接口,JVM
//==============存放地址====================//
//存到哪?uploadPath
//文件真实存在的路径 realPath
String realPath=uploadPath+"/"+uuidPath;
//给每个文件创建一个对应的文件夹
File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
if(!realPathFile.exists()){
realPathFile.mkdir();
}
//==============文件传输====================//
//获得文件上传的流
InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
//创建一个文件输出流
//realPath=真实的文件夹
//差了一个文件;加上输出文件的名字+"/"+uuidFileName
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);
//创建一个缓冲区
byte[] buffer=new byte[1024*1024];
//判断是否读取完毕
int len=0;
//如果大于0说明还存在数据
while((len=inputStream.read(buffer))>0){
fos.write(buffer,0,len);
}
//关闭流
fos.close();
inputStream.close();
msg="文件上传成功!";
fileItem.delete();//上传成功,清除临时文件
//=====================文件传输完毕===========================//
}
}
return msg;
}
}