伯克利CS61A-Sum2019-Week1

CS61A被公认为伯克利的一门神课，主讲语言为python，学透彻编程能力会有质的飞跃（个人观点）,课程中的所有lab,hw,pro都可以下载练习，课程体验很棒~博主19年寒假的时候学习了一部分，准备利用暑假时间整理+学习
课程网址：https://cs61a.org/

基本操作

课程用的sublime，轻量级没法直接运行，高亮体验很棒~
写好后进入命令行交互运行 python3 -i lab01.py
运行doctest python3 -m doctest lab01.py

容易忽视的一些知识点

Division

True Division: /(decimal division)	Floor Division // （integer division）
1 / 5 0.2	1 // 5 0
25 / 4 6.25	25 // 4 6
4 / 2 2.0不是2	4 // 2 2

return and print

def what_prints():
    print('Hello World!')
    return 'Exiting this function.'
    print('61A is awesome!')

>>> what_prints()
Hello World!
'Exiting this function.'

print 打印出的字符串没有引号，return 返回的字符串有引号

Boolean Operators

• not has the higest priority
• and
• or has the lowest priority

>>> True and not False or not True and False
>>> (True and (not False)) or ((not True) and False)

python的False：Falae [] {} () 0 None etc.

boolean operators 返回值

不必一定返回False，True，可以返回其他值

• and stops evaluating any more expressions (short-circuits) once it reaches the
  first false value and returns it. If all values evaluate to a true value, the last
  value is returned.
• or short-circuits at the first true value and returns it. If all values evaluate to
  a false value, the last value is returned.

>>> True and 1 / 0 and False
Error (ZeroDivisionError)

>>> True or 1 / 0 or False
True

>>> True and 0
0

>>> False or 1
1

>>> 1 and 3 and 6 and 10 and 15
15

>>> 0 or False or 2 or 1 / 0
2

Call expressions

To evaluate a function call:

1. Evaluate the operator, and then the operands (from left to right).
2. Apply the operator to the operands (the values of the operands).

If an operand is a nested call expression, then these two steps are applied to that inner operand first in order to evaluate the outer operand.

通俗来讲就是先进行括号里的操作，然后apply opperator to opperands，举个例子

print(print(1),print(2))
1
2
None None

补充知识：print函数的返回值为None
先执行print(1) 打印1,换行，然后执行print(2),打印2，然后相当于print（None，None）

Environments Diagrams

变量赋值：变量名 + 值

定义函数：函数名 + 箭头指向函数对象

调用函数

1. Evaluate the operator, which should evaluate to a function.
2. Evaluate the operands from left to right.
3. Draw a new frame, labelling it with the following: 2
   • A unique index (f1, f2, f3, …)
   • The intrinsic name of the function, which is the name of the function object itself. For example, if the function object is func square(x)
   [parent=Global], the intrinsic name is square.
   • The parent frame ([parent=Global])
4. Bind the formal parameters to the argument values obtained in step 2 (e.g.
   bind x to 3).
5. Evaluate the body of the function in this new frame until a return value is
   obtained. Write down the return value in the frame.

python tutor 理解 Environment Diagrams

https://goo.gl/jM37t7
https://goo.gl/mjfnMn

第一篇博客，只是记录了一下所学内容，慢慢来~