openssl生成免费证书

创建openssl.cnf 文件，内容如下

[ ca ]
# `man ca`
default_ca = CA_default

[ CA_default ]
# Directory and file locations.
dir               = /root/ca
certs             = $dir/certs
crl_dir           = $dir/crl
new_certs_dir     = $dir/newcerts
database          = $dir/index.txt
serial            = $dir/serial
RANDFILE          = $dir/private/.rand

# The root key and root certificate.
private_key       = $dir/private/ca.key.pem
certificate       = $dir/certs/ca.cert.pem

# For certificate revocation lists.
crlnumber         = $dir/crlnumber
crl               = $dir/crl/ca.crl.pem
crl_extensions    = crl_ext
default_crl_days  = 30

# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md        = sha256

name_opt          = ca_default
cert_opt          = ca_default
default_days      = 375
preserve          = no
policy            = policy_strict

[ policy_strict ]
# The root CA should only sign intermediate certificates that match.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of `man ca`.
countryName             = match
stateOrProvinceName     = match
organizationName        = optional
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ policy_loose ]
# Allow the intermediate CA to sign a more diverse range of certificates.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of the `ca` man page.
countryName             = optional
stateOrProvinceName     = optional
localityName            = optional
organizationName        = optional
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ req ]
# Options for the `req` tool (`man req`).
default_bits        = 2048
distinguished_name  = req_distinguished_name
string_mask         = utf8only
req_extensions = v3_req
encrypt_key = no
# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md          = sha256

# Extension to add when the -x509 option is used.
x509_extensions     = v3_ca

[ req_distinguished_name ]
# See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_signing_request>.

countryName  = Country Name (2 letter code)

countryName_default = CN

stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name (full name)

stateOrProvinceName_default = GuangDong

localityName = Locality Name (eg, city)

localityName_default = ShenZhen

organizationalUnitName  = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)

organizationalUnitName_default = 303 IT Lab

commonName = IT Lab

commonName_max = 64

[ v3_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign

[ v3_intermediate_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical intermediate CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true, pathlen:0
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign

[ usr_cert ]
# Extensions for client certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = client, email
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Client Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth, emailProtection

[ server_cert ]
# Extensions for server certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = server
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Server Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth

[ crl_ext ]
# Extension for CRLs (`man x509v3_config`).
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always

[ ocsp ]
# Extension for OCSP signing certificates (`man ocsp`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature
extendedKeyUsage = critical, OCSPSigning


[ v3_req ]

# Extensions to add to a certificate request
#
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE

keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
#
subjectAltName = @alt_names    #增加这行


[ alt_names ]
DNS.1 = yeying.chat
DNS.2 = *.yeying.chat

创建相关目录及文件
mkdir -p /root/ca/{certs,crl,newcerts,private}
touch /root/ca/index.txt
echo 00 > /root/caserial

1.生成ca.key并自签署
openssl req -utf8 -sha256 -new -x509 -days 3650 -keyout ca.key -out ca.crt -config openssl.cnf
2.生成server.key
openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048
3.生成证书签名请求
openssl req -utf8 -new -sha256 -key server.key -out server.csr -config openssl.cnf
Common Name 就是在这一步填写 *.xx.com common name一定要在alt_names中包含

4.查看签名请求文件信息
openssl req -in server.csr -text
检查 Signature Algorithm 是不是sha256WithRSAEncryptio
5.使用自签署的CA，签署server.scr
openssl ca -in server.csr -md sha256 -out server.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -extensions v3_req -config openssl.cnf
注意：即便是你前面是sha256的根证书和sha256的请求文件，如果不加-md sha256，默认是按照sha1进行签名的
6.查看证书
openssl x509 -in server.crt -text
同样检查 Signature Algorithm 是不是sha256WithRSAEncryptio