一元线性回归模型——Python

演示建模过程：

import collections  # collections 是python内建的一个集合模块
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


# 1 创建数据集
JobDict = {
    '工作时间':[0.50,0.75,1.00,1.25,1.50,1.75,1.75,2.00,2.25,2.50,2.75,3.00,3.25,3.50,4.00,4.25,4.50,4.75,5.00,5.50],
    '业绩':[10,22,13,43,20,22,33,50,62,48,55,75,62,73,81,76,64,82,90,93]
}

Job_orderDict = collections.OrderedDict(JobDict)  # ordereddict：有序字典
Job_Df = pd.DataFrame(Job_orderDict)
Job_Df.head()


# 2 准备数据
# 提取特征和标签
Job_X = Job_Df.loc[:,'工作时间']        # loc是根据index来索引
Job_Y = Job_Df.loc[:,'业绩']


# 3 分析数据
# 绘制散点图
plt.scatter(Job_X,Job_Y,color='b')
plt.xlabel('Hours')
plt.ylabel('Scores')


# 4 构建训练模型

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split            # train_test_split（），随机划分训练集和测试集的函数

# (1)建立训练数据和测试数据
x_train,x_test,y_train,y_test = train_test_split(Job_X,Job_Y,train_