js前端base64转码解码

我们为什么要用base

base64是网络上最常见的用于传输8bit字节代码的编码方式之一。有时我们需要把二进制数据编码为适合放在URL中的形式。这时采用base64编码具有不可读性，即所编码的数据不会被人直接看出。除此之外，还可以放在请求头，响应头进行传输。

 

最方便的转码解码window.atob() 与window.btoa()

Window.atob() 函数用来解码一个已经被base-64编码过的数据。

window.btoa()：将ascii字符串或二进制数据转换成一个base64编码过的字符串

注：以上办法不适用于带中文解密，即window.btoa 与 window.atob 不支持中文

 

带中文的base64转码解码

首先定义一个对象

function BASE64() {  

    // private property  
    _keyStr = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";  

    // public method for encoding  
    this.encode = function (input) {  
        var output = "";  
        var chr1, chr2, chr3, enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;  
        var i = 0;  
        input = _utf8_encode(input);  
        while (i < input.length) {  
            chr1 = input.charCodeAt(i++);  
            chr2 = input.charCodeAt(i++);  
            chr3 = input.charCodeAt(i++);  
            enc1 = chr1 >> 2;  
            enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4);  
            enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6);  
            enc4 = chr3 & 63;  
            if (isNaN(chr2)) {  
                enc3 = enc4 = 64;  
            } else if (isNaN(chr3)) {  
                enc4 = 64;  
            }  
            output = output +  
            _keyStr.charAt(enc1) + _keyStr.charAt(enc2) +  
            _keyStr.charAt(enc3) + _keyStr.charAt(enc4);  
        }  
        return output;  
    }  

    // public method for decoding  
    this.decode = function (input) {  
        var output = "";  
        var chr1, chr2, chr3;  
        var enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;  
        var i = 0;  
        input = input.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9\+\/\=]/g, "");  
        while (i < input.length) {  
            enc1 = _keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));  
            enc2 = _keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));  
            enc3 = _keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));  
            enc4 = _keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));  
            chr1 = (enc1 << 2) | (enc2 >> 4);  
            chr2 = ((enc2 & 15) << 4) | (enc3 >> 2);  
            chr3 = ((enc3 & 3) << 6) | enc4;  
            output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr1);  
            if (enc3 != 64) {  
                output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr2);  
            }  
            if (enc4 != 64) {  
                output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr3);  
            }  
        }  
        output = _utf8_decode(output);  
        return output;  
    }  

    // private method for UTF-8 encoding  
    _utf8_encode = function (string) {  
        string = string.replace(/\r\n/g,"\n");  
        var utftext = "";  
        for (var n = 0; n < string.length; n++) {  
            var c = string.charCodeAt(n);  
            if (c < 128) {  
                utftext += String.fromCharCode(c);  
            } else if((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) {  
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 6) | 192);  
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);  
            } else {  
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 12) | 224);  
                utftext += String.fromCharCode(((c >> 6) & 63) | 128);  
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);  
            }  

        }  
        return utftext;  
    }  

    // private method for UTF-8 decoding  
    _utf8_decode = function (utftext) {  
        var string = "";  
        var i = 0;  
        var c = c1 = c2 = 0;  
        while ( i < utftext.length ) {  
            c = utftext.charCodeAt(i);  
            if (c < 128) {  
                string += String.fromCharCode(c);  
                i++;  
            } else if((c > 191) && (c < 224)) {  
                c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);  
                string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63));  
                i += 2;  
            } else {  
                c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);  
                c3 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+2);  
                string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63));  
                i += 3;  
            }  
        }  
        return string;  
    }  
}

使用的时候直接调用

var str='你好';
var enstr=BASE64.encode(str);
alert(enstr);
var destr=BASE64.decode(enstr);
alert(destr);